Zdenko van Kesteren¹, Daniël Tekelenburg^1,2, Oliver Gurney-Champion^1,3, Aart Nederveen³, Eelco Lens¹, Astrid van der Horst¹, Aleksandra Biegun², and Arjan Bel^1
1radiotherapy, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, ³radiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands

We developed a respiratory-correlated 4DMRI for abdominal imaging by retrospective sorting 2D T2-weighted TSE images. Each image is assigned to a respiratory state, which is either binned in phase or the amplitude domain. The diaphragm motion per image was determined by registering the diaphragm to the begin-inhale image of a series. Per slice and per bin multiple images were acquired and we defined the intra-bin variation as the standard deviation of diaphragm positions. Amplitude binning results in lower intra-bin variation with respect to phase binning, 0.8 versus 2.4 mm respectively.

Jan-Willem Beenakker¹, Teresa Ferreira¹, Karina Soemarwoto¹, Lorna Grech Fonk¹, Stijn Genders¹, Wouter Teeuwisse¹, Andrew Webb¹, and Gregorius Luyten^1
1Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands

Recent advances in ocular MRI make it possible to acquire high resolution three dimensional images of uveal melanoma in eye tumour patients, allowing a much better assessment of the maximal tumour prominence compared to conventional clinical ultrasound measurements.  Nine uveal melanoma patients were examined on a 7 Tesla  using a custom-built eye-coil. Eye-motion artefacts were minimized by the use of a cued-blinking protocol. For all patients the MR-images showed a slightly lower tumour prominence. For two of these patients this resulted in a substantial change in treatment planning, saving an eye that would otherwise have been removed.

Yanchun Wang¹, Zhen Li¹, Daoyu Hu¹, and Xiaoyan Meng^1
1radiology, Tongji hospital, Wuhan, China, People's Republic of

Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary tract, and the incidence rate of bladder cancer is 6% for men and 2% for women. Clinical treatment of bladder cancer depends on the level of muscle invasion (stage T2 or higher) or non-invasion of the muscle of the bladder wall (stage T1 or lower). Non-invasive tumors are mainly treated with transurethral resection (TUR), whereas invasive tumors are mainly treated with radical cystectomy . Therefore, it’s important to precisely differentiate between non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer before treatment. 

Yi Wei^1,2, Shao-Cheng Zhu^1,2, Sen Wu^1,2, Da-Peng Shi^1,2, and Dan-Dan Zheng^3
1Radiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, People's Republic of, ²Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, People's Republic of, ³GE Healthcare,MR Research China, Beijing, China, People's Republic of

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was reported to evaluate the esophageal layers invasion in vitro and demonstrated that high-resolution T2-weighted imaging can clearly depict 8 layers of esophagus. However, former studies were mostly carried on ultra-high-field scanner ex vivo, which can not satisfy the need of preoperative staging and provide essential information for clinic. In this study, an in vivo experiment was conducted on 3.0T clinical scanner to prospectively establish the MRI signal characteristics of the normal esophageal wall and to assess the diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution MR imaging for depicting the depth of esophageal wall invasion by corresponding to  ex vivo MR imaging-matched certain histopathological slice.

Arash Latifoltojar¹, Natacha Rosa¹, Maria Klusmann², Mark Duncan², Kirit Ardeshna², Jonathan Lambert², Alan Bainbridge², Magdalena Sokolska², Sajir Mohamedbhai², and Shonit Punwani^1
1University College London, London, United Kingdom, ²University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Whole body MRI (WB-MRI) offers a radiation-free imaging technique for staging lymphoma. However, there are conflicting reports concerning appropriate sequence(s) being used in various WB-MRI protocols. In this work we investigated diagnostic performance of different morphological and functional MRI sequences as part of a WB-MRI protocol.  

Adam Berrington¹, Natalie Voets¹, Sarah J Larkin², Nick de Pennington², James Mccullagh³, Khalid Al-Qahtani³, Richard Stacey⁴, Peter Jezzard¹, Stuart Clare¹, Christopher J Schofield³, Olaf Ansorge², Tom Cadoux-Hudson⁴, Puneet Plaha⁴, and Uzay E Emir^1
1FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, ²Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, ³Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, ⁴Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

We assess the ability of semi-LASER to detect 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), a metabolic product of mutation in the enzyme IDH, in gliomas at 3T and 7T. Robust detection could lead to increased patient stratification yet is hindered by signal overlap and compartmental artifacts. We find semi-LASER (TE=110ms), with broadband adiabatic refocussing, is able to correctly identify IDH-mutants at 3T and 7T in a sample of six patients. Fitting errors are greatly reduced at 7T and additional metabolites (GABA, Gly) are detected in some IDH-mutated tumours. We conclude semi-LASER provides a unique clinical opportunity for 2-HG detection at both 3T and 7T. 

Eva-Maria Ratai^1,2, Zheng Zhang³, James Fink⁴, Mark Muzi⁴, Lucy Hanna³, Erin Greco³, Todd Richards⁴, Akiva Mintz⁵, Lale Kostakoglu⁶, Edward Eikman⁷, Melissa Prah⁸, Benjamin Ellingson⁹, Kathleen Schmainda⁸, Gregory Sorensen^1,2, Daniel Barboriak¹⁰, David Mankoff¹¹, and Elizabeth Gerstner^12
1Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, ²A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, ³Brown University, Providence, RI, United States,⁴University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, ⁵Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States, ⁶Mt. Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, United States, ⁷Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States, ⁸Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, ⁹UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ¹⁰Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, ¹¹University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, ¹²MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

The Phase II multi-center trial ACRIN 6684 conducted by the American College of Radiology Imaging Network was designed to assess tumor hypoxia in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) using [18F] Fluoromisonidazole (FMISO)-PET and MRI. Data from magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) were available on 17 participants from four sites. The MRS marker of tumor burden (NAA/Cho) was a significant predictor of one-year survival (OS-1). Furthermore, the MRS marker of tumor hypoxia (Lac/Cr) was a significant predictor of six-month progression-free-survival (PFS-6) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Wu Zhou¹, Kaixin Wang¹, Lijuan Zhang¹, Zaiyi Liu², Guangyi Wang², and Changhong Liang^2
1Key Laboratory for Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China, People's Republic of, ²Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China, People's Republic of

Lesion characterization based on imaging features is essential to the successful treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). In this work, we investigate the malignant of HCC from Contrast-enhanced MR images based on the analysis of texture features. Our study demonstrated that the texture feature (average intensity value and grey level nonuniformity) of HCC in contrast-enhanced MR images was a good predictor to characterize the malignant of HCC. By quantitatively comparing the texture parameters in well differentiated and moderately differentiated HCCs, the values of average intensity remarkably decreased and GLN significantly increased according to the increasing degree of malignant for HCCs. 

Jurgen H Runge¹, Remy Klaassen², Oliver J Gurney-Champion^1,3, Hanneke WM van Laarhoven², Ralph Sinkus⁴, Aart J Nederveen¹, and Jaap Stoker^1
1Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ³Radiation Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ⁴Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer remains one the most deadly cancers. New therapeutic agents cause confusion as prior morphological criteria to determine the presence of a response appear to be unreliable. MR Elastography (MRE) is uniquely able to determine tissue stiffness, a property potentially useful for therapy response monitoring. Here we present our first preliminary results of combining MRE with IVIM and DCE MRI.

Chenyang Chen¹, Jie Chen¹, Chunchao Xia¹, Panli Zuo², and Bin Song^1
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, People's Republic of, ²Siemens Healthcare, MR Collaboration NE Asia, Beijing, China, People's Republic of

We found that liver tumors showed clearer borderline on T1 map during hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI. A significant correlation between the reduction rate of liver parenchyma with ICG-15 indicated that the T1 mapping is useful to estimate the liver functional reserve in HCCs patients.