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HISTORY OF MRI

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Magnetic resonance imaging is a relatively new technology and still actively evolving.

Important Experiments Related to MRI

1911 existence of nucleus proposed[1] (Rutherford)

1919 proton discovered (Rutherford)

1920 proton magnetic moment observed[2] (Stern)

1930’s basics for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance[3] explored (Rabi)

1946 NMR (Bloch[4], Purcell[5]) Spectroscopy and Proton frequency reveal structure

1966 FT NMR[6] 1966 (Ernst)

1973 location of protons by gradient, published images[7] 1973 (Lauterbur)

1973 computer FT investigate chemicals in gradients[8] 1973 (Mansfield)


List of Noble Prizes Related to MRI

Ernest Rutherford: Proton nucleus proposed and discovered 1911-1919,

Otto Stern: Proton magnetic moment 1920’s, * 1943

Isodor Rabi: Discovery of NMR in molecular rays 1938, * 1944

Felix Bloch & Edward Purcell jointly demonstrate NMR 1946, * 1952

Richard Ernst: FT NMR 1966, * 1991

Paul Lauterbur: Location of protons by gradient, published PR MR images[7] 1973, * 2003

Peter Mansfield: computer FT investigated chemicals in gradients 1973[8], * 2003

year the prize was given*

References

  1. ↑ Rutherford, E., 1911. The scattering of alpha and beta particles by matter and the structure of the atom. Philosophical Magazine Series 6, 21(125), pp.669–688.
  2. ↑ Gerlach, W. & Stern, O., 1922. Der experimentelle Nachweis des magnetischen Moments des Silberatoms. Zeitschrift fuer Physik, 8(1), pp.110-111.
  3. ↑ Rabi, I.I. et al., 1938. A New Method of Measuring Nuclear Magnetic Moment. Physical Review, 53(4), p.318.
  4. ↑ Bloch, F. & Siegert, A., 1940. Magnetic Resonance for Nonrotating Fields. Physical Review, 57(6), p.522.
  5. ↑ Purcell, E.M., Torrey, H.C. & Pound, R.V., 1946. Resonance Absorption by Nuclear Magnetic Moments in a Solid. Physical Review, 69(1-2), p.37.
  6. ↑ Ernst, R.R., 1966. Nuclear Magnetic Double Resonance with an Incoherent Radio-Frequency Field. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 45(10), p.3845.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 LAUTERBUR, P.C., 1973. Image Formation by Induced Local Interactions: Examples Employing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Nature, 242(5394), pp.190-191.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Mansfield, P. & Grannell, P.K., 1973. NMR 'diffraction' in solids? Journal of Physics C Solid State Physics, 6, pp.L422-L426.
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