Electronic Posters : Cancer Imaging
Click on to view the abstract pdf and click on to view the video presentation.
Other Cancers (Clinical Studies)

 
Monday May 9th
Exhibition Hall  14:00 - 16:00 Computer 13

14:00 3101.   Using paired tissue and serum samples to characterize human lung cancer metabolomics with ex vivo 1H HRMAS MRS. 
Elita DeFeo1, Isabel Dittmann2, Yannick Berker2, Li Su3, Eugene Mark2, David Christiani3, and Leo L. Cheng4
1Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 3Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 4Radiology, Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital

 
Despite lung cancer being the primary cause of cancer related death in both men and women in the United States, there is no early screening tool available to the general public. Due to the high costs and the radiation exposure of CT or PET, these technologies are not feasible as screening tools. Clinicians desperately need a new diagnostic tool to provide biochemical information that is essential for making early diagnoses and subsequent treatment decisions. In this study we are assessing the matched tissue and sera metabolomic profiles of lung cancer patients in hopes of discovering serum lung cancer metabolomic profiles that can provide patient triages for further tests.

 
14:30 3102.   Automatic image registration of lung CT and hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI via mutual information of proton MRI 
Rob H Ireland1,2, James A Swinscoe2, Matthew Q Hatton2, Helen Marshall1, Salma Ajraoui1, Juan Parra-Robles1, and Jim M Wild1
1Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorkshire, United Kingdom, 2Academic Clinical Oncology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorkshire, United Kingdom

 
This work demonstrates the feasibility of acquiring synchronous helium-3 lung ventilation and proton MRI in a single breath-hold imaging sequence for NSCLC patients. The availability of the concurrent proton MRI enables an automatic mutual information image registration of the helium-3 MRI to a lung CT. Such images could be valuable in the planning and evaluation of lung disease treatment.

 
15:00 3103.   Clinical application of pharmacokinetic analysis as a biomarker in solitary pulmonary nodules: Dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging 
Hatsuho Mamata1,2, Junichi Tokuda1,2, Ritu R Gill1,2, Robert F Padera2,3, Robert E Lenkinski2,4, David J Sugarbaker2,5, and Hiroto Hatabu1,2
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States, 5Thoracic surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

 
DCE-MRI indices and parameters were evaluated, especially focused on clinical application of pharmacokinetic analysis in solitary pulmonary nodules. kep value may be a potential biomarker to distinguish between malignant and benign tumors.

 
15:30 3104.   Characterization of SCUBE3 protein for its role in tumor vascularization by SSCE-MRI 
Cheng-Hung Chou1, Yi-Fang Cheng1, Amit Kumar1, Konan Peck1, and Chen Chang1
1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

 
Signal peptide-CUB-EGF-like domain containing protein 3 (hSCUBE3) was found to be up-regulated in highly invasive lung cancer cell lines and in patients with poor prognosis; however the functions of hSCUBE3 in lung cancer progression is not clear yet. In this study, steady-state-contrast-enhanced MRI (SSCE-MRI) was used to evaluate the blood vessel structure in xenograft tumors in NOD-SCID mice transplanted with lung adenocarcinomar cells with and without hSCUBE3 knockdown.

 
Tuesday May 10th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 13

13:30 3105.   Paediatric and Adolescent Lymphoma: Comparison of MR Imaging and PET-CT for detection of focal splenic lesions 
Shonit Punwani1, King Kenneth Cheung1, Nicholas Skipper1, Alan Bainbridge2, Stuart Taylor1, Ashley Groves3, Sharon Hain3, Simona Ben-Haim3, Michael Steward3, Ananth Shankar4, Stephen Daw4, Steve Halligan1, and Paul Humphries1
1Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, 3Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, 4Paediatrics, University College London Hospital

 
This study compares the accuracy of Short Tau Inversion Recovery - Half Fourier Single Shot Turbo Spin Echo (STIR-HASTE) MR imaging, STIR-HASTE + Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MR, and Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography (PET-CT) for detection of focal splenic lesions in lymphoma.

 
14:00 3106.   Magnetic resonance imaging for staging lymphoma: whole-body or less? 
Thomas Kwee1, Erik Akkerman2, Rob Fijnheer3, Marie Jose Kersten4, Joseph Zsiros5, Inge Ludwig6, Marc Bierings7, Jaap Stoker2, and Rutger-Jan Nievelstein1
1Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands,3Department of Hematology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, Netherlands, 4Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands,5Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 6Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 7Department of Pediatric Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

 
Whole-body MRI may be a valuable alternative to (FDG-PET/)CT for staging lymphoma. However, it is unknown whether a whole-body MRI protocol is necessary, or whether an MRI protocol that only has the usual CT coverage (i.e. head/neck and trunk) is comparable while less time-consuming. In this prospective study including 100 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma, whole-body MRI did not detect any clinically relevant lesions outside the field of view of an MRI protocol that only includes the head/neck and trunk. Therefore, it may be sufficient to only include the head/neck and trunk when using MRI for staging lymphoma.

 
14:30 3107.   Prediction of lymphoma response to chemotherapy: Evaluation of pre-treatment MR derived ADC and PET derived SUV as prognostic biomarkers 
Shonit Punwani1, Paul Humphries1, Stuart Taylor1, Stephen Daw2, Ananth Shankar2, Alan Bainbridge3, Ziauddin Zia Saad4, Ashley Groves4, and Steve Halligan5
1Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Paediatrics, University College London Hospital, 3Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, 4Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, 5Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London

 
Chemotherapy effect has been related to initial tumour cellular density and metabolic activity. ADC is correlated with cellular density and PET SUV measurements to metabolic activity. This study investigates the relationship between pretreatment ADC / SUV values treatment response as determined by tumour volume reduction.

 
15:00 3108.   1H MRS and MRI longitudinal study to detect therapeutic response in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients 
Seung-Cheol Lee1, Harish Poptani1, Hari Hariharan1, Sunita Nasta2, Jakub Svoboda2, Stephen J Schuster2, and Jerry D Glickson1
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

 
1H MRS and MRI methods (Lactate, total choline and ADC) were applied to detect therapeutic response in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. Recently developed Hadamard slice-encoded selective multiple quantum coherence chemical shift imaging sequence was used for localized detection of lactate. PRESS and diffusion-weighted EPI were used for tCho and ADC measurements. Lac and tCho decreased after treatment while ADC increased. A 3T scanner was used.

Electronic Posters : Cancer Imaging
Click on to view the abstract pdf and click on to view the video presentation.
Perfusion & Permeability: Preclinical & Clinical I

 
Monday May 9th
Exhibition Hall  14:00 - 16:00 Computer 14

14:00 3109.   Effect of Anesthesia on Tumor Vascular Permeability Measurements by DCE-MRI 
Wenlian Zhu1, Yoshinori Kato1, and Dmitri Artemov1
1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States

 
Anesthesia is an essential and yet often overlooked component of preclinical DCE-MRI study. The goal of this study is to investigate whether anesthesia method has any effect on the tumor vascular permeability measurements by DCE-MRI with a macromolecular contrast agent, albumin-(DTPA-Gd) in human breast cancer MCF-7 mouse xenografts. Preliminary results from mice anesthetized by isoflurane alone, and a combination of ketamine/acepromazine induction and isoflurane maintenance are reported here.

 
14:30 3110.   Assessing the tumour microenvironment with DCE-MRI and DCE-Ultrasound 
Firas Moosvi1,2, Peter Bevan3, Colleen Bailey1,2, and Greg Stanisz1,2
1Imaging Physics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 3McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

 
Non-invasive imaging modalities such as MRI and ultrasound (US) are perfectly suited for a dual-modality imaging protocol. Both MRI and US possess unique advantages and the potential applications of these techniques span the entire spectrum of disease. The first hurdle of developing this protocol is the difficulty in ensuring parameters from the same image region are compared. The second issue is the lack of physiological meaning in parameter comparisons across imaging modalities. In this talk, we present potential solutions to both these problems and explore the feasibility of using a dual-modality imaging protocol to assess the tumour microenvironment.

 
15:00 3111.   Towards Improving Tumor Boundary Identification in Murine Models of Glioma using Cerebral Blood Volume Maps 
Kathleen E Chaffee1, Jeff R Anderson1, Joshua S Shimony1, G Larry Bretthorst1, Joseph J.H. Ackerman1, and Joel R Garbow1
1Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States

 
Accurate, non-invasive determination of tumor boundaries remains a significant challenge for neurosurgeons, with important implications for patient management. MR contrast enhancement, which reflects the breakdown of the blood brain barrier, often serves as a surrogate marker for actively growing tumor. Here we utilize in vivo LAIF-DSC-derived CBV maps as a marker for delineating tumor margins in murine models of glioma. The LAIF-DSC method permits the calculation of perfusion-based parametric maps without requiring independent measurement of an arterial input function. Tumor margins, estimated by histogram analysis and thresholding of the CBV parametric maps, correlate well with histology.

 
15:30 3112.   Contribution of Perfusion in Diffusion Weighted MRI of Orthotopic and Subcutaneous Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rat 
Andriy Babsky1, Beena George1, and Navin Bansal1
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

 
A biexponential model for analysis of non-invasive diffusion weighted 1H MRI provides important information about neoplastic transformation in capillary liver tissue perfusion and water molecular diffusion. Fast and slow components of water apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were separated in the normal rat liver, intrahepatic (IH), and subcutaneous (SC) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In IH-HCC, ADCfast was lower compared to the healthy liver, while ADCslow did not differ in liver, IH-, and SC-HCC. Simultaneous monitoring of water ADC changes in orthotopic and subcutaneous HCCs may be useful, but the possibility of location-based physiological and metabolic differences must be recognized.

 
Tuesday May 10th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 14

13:30 3113.   The DCE-MRI Capital Greek DeltaKtrans Parameter Has Diminished Sensitivity to AIF Variation 
Emerson Hum1, Xin Li1, Luminita Tudorica2, Karen Oh2, Stephanie Hemmingson1, Mark Kettler2, John Grinstead3, Gerhard Laub4, Charles Springer1, and Wei Huang1
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 3Siemens Healthcare, Portland, OR, United States, 4Siemens Healthcare, San Francisco, CA, United States

 
ÄKtrans is defined as [Ktrans(SSM) - Ktrans(SM)], resulted from analyzing a DCE-MRI data set twice, once with the Standard Model (SM) and once with the Shutter-Speed Model (SSM). SM and SSM fittings of DCE-MRI data from 8 malignant and 16 benign breast lesions were conducted using population-averaged AIF and reference-region AIF methods. Both Ktrans(SM) and Ktrans(SSM) values of malignant and benign groups changed significantly with different AIF approaches, while ÄKtrans was essentially insensitive to AIF variation. Use of the ÄKtrans imaging biomarker would be beneficial for multi-site DCE-MRI studies of cancer detection and therapeutic monitoring.

 
14:00 3114.   Significant improvement in reproducibility of DCE-MRI achieved using cardiac-output based constraint of arterial input function 
Jeff Lei Zhang1, Henry Rusinek1, Umer Khan1, Pippa Storey1, David Stoffel1, Qun Chen1, and Vivian S Lee1
1Department of Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States

 
This study examines the utility of the cardiac-output (CO) constraint in correcting for arterial input function. We performed repeated DCE-MRI exams in the same individual, each with individual CO measurement. Results showed that the approach effectively reduced the intra-scan variability in AIF due to inflow effect and thus improved the precision of GFR and RPF. As the method deals with tracer concentration, it is capable of handling data from different imaging sequences (2D and 3D FLASH in this study), and is expected to work well on other sequence such as dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) T2*-weighted imaging.

 
14:30 3115.   Implications of Mean Intracellular Water Lifetime for Prostate DCE-MRI Modeling 
Xin Li1, Ryan A. Priest2,3, William J. Woodward1, Ian J. Tagge1, Faisal Siddiqui2,3, Tomasz M. Beer4,5, Mark G. Garzotto6,7, Wei Huang1, William D. Rooney1, and Charles S. Springer, Jr.1,5
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States, 2Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States, 3School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States, 4Hematology/Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States, 5Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States, 6Urology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States, 7Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, United States

 
A new DCE-MRI parametric biomarker, the mean intracellular water lifetime,lower case Greek taui, was mapped in the human prostate gland. In normal gland, the peripheral zone lower case Greek taui value is larger than the transitional/central zone value. In prostate adenocarcinoma, the lower case Greek taui map exhibits a rim-enhancement, with the tumor rim having a larger lower case Greek taui value than its core. The lower case Greek taui magnitude is determined by the ratio of two ROI- or voxel-averaged quantities: a linear cellular size measure, [size], and the cell membrane water permeability coefficient, Pw : it is proportional to [size]/Pw. The permeability Pw can have an active component proportional to the cell energy level.

 
15:00 3116.   A Comparison of DCE-MRI Pharmacokinetic Models in Human Breast Cancer 
Xia Li1, Lori R Arlinghaus1, E. Brian Welch1, A. Bapsi Chakravarthy1, Lei Xu1, Jaime Farley1, Ingrid Mayer1, Mark Kelley1, Ingrid Meszoely1, Julie Means-Powell1, Vandana Abramson1, Ana Grau1, Mia Levy1, John C Gore1, and Thomas E Yankeelov1
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN, United States

 
By fitting the signal intensity time course of DCE-MRI to a proper pharmacokinetic model, physiological parameters related to vessel perfusion and permeability, or extravascular extracellular volume fraction can be extracted. However, the literature presents different results regarding the predictive value of quantitative DCE-MRI in breast cancer data. One possible reason is that the fast exchange limit model may not adequately describe the relevant physiology. Here we report the results of statistical tests on the analyses provided by the FXL with and without the plasma component, and the fast exchange regime model to assess which model is statistically preferred.

 
Wednesday May 11th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 14

13:30 3117.   Improved Temporal Resolution for Human Breast DCE-MRI Data Using Compressed Sensing 
David S Smith1, Xia Li1, Lori Arlinghaus1, Edward Brian Welch1, John C Gore1, and Thomas E Yankeelov1
1Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States

 
We show that a factor of two increase in temporal resolution is possible for Cartesian DCE-MRI of the human breast with no change in derived pharmacokinetic parameters by using compressed sensing MRI.

 
14:00 3118.   What is the Minimum Time Resolution Required for DCE-MRI Kinetic Analysis with Kety Model Using Single- and Dual-Temporal-Resolution Techniques? 
Ka-Loh Li1, Gerard Thompson1, Xiaoping Zhu1, Giovanni Buonaccorsi2, and Alan Jackson1
1Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire, United Kingdom, 2ISBE, The University of Manchester

 
Acquiring high temporal and high spatial resolution DCE-MRI with a volume covering whole brain is limited by current MRI hardware. Dual temporal resolution (DTR) DCE-MRI technique was proposed, where arterial input function was sampled much more frequently than tissue C(t) curves. Computer simulations were performed to determine minimum sampling rate necessary for accurate estimation of Ktrans , vp and ve under various Gaussian noise levels, when the DTR method is coupled with the extended Kety model. We have found that accuracy is still preserved by the DTR with a &t within 20 sec.

 
14:30 3119.   Improving Quantitative Accuracy and Spatial Resolution of Parametric Imaging Using a Dual-Temporal-Resolution DCE MRI Technique 
Ka-Loh Li1, Salman Qureshi2, John Cain1, Amy Watkins1, Gareth Evans3, Simon Lloyd4, Xiaoping Zhu1, and Alan Jackson1
1Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire, United Kingdom, 2Greater Manchester Neurosciences Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, United Kingdom, 3MRI, The University of Manchester, 4Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom

 
Temporal resolution of DCE-MRI is often compromised by high spatial resolution when large volume is necessary to cover whole brain. Under-sampled arterial input function (AIF) degrades measurement accuracy of kinetics. To improve spatial resolution, we propose a method that combines a dual temporal resolution (DTR) strategy and an analytical AIF. In vivo data from patients with acoustic neuroma and health controls were obtained. With the conventional method, measurement accuracy maintains only when &t is short (<10 seconds). The DTR method uses much longer &t (20 sec) and remains accurate, allowing much higher spatial resolution.

 
15:00 3120.   Free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI at 3.0 T using a 3D-radial-gradient echo sequence with K-space-weighted image contrast (KWIC): preliminary study 
Kyung Won Kim1, Jeong Min Lee1, Yong Sik Jeon1, Joon Koo Han1, and Byung Ihn Choi1
1Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of

 
Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI has emerged as a important method for evaluating tumor blood flow and treatment response to antivascular agents. However, it is difficult to acquire high-qualited DCE-MRI of abdomen or thorax due to the respiratory motion. To overcome the respiratory motion artifact, DCE-MRI using a 3D-radial-gradient echo sequence with k-space weighted radial view-sharing scheme (KWIC) was proposed. We evaluated the feasibility of free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) of the abdomen and thorax at 3.0 T using radial k-space sampling and KWIC reconstruction. Our results showed that it can overcome respiratory motion while providing high spatial and temporal resolution.

 
Thursday May 12th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 14

13:30 3121.   Is perfusion parameters effective to predict tumor response on DCE MRI performed before CCRT? 
Kyung Ah Kim1,2, Mi-Suk Park2, Myeong-Jin Kim2, Joon Seok Lim2, Jin-Young Choi2, and Ki Whang Kim2
1Radiology, Inje University Ilsan-Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of, 2Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of

 
Perfusion parameters of DCE MRI before treatment were not useful in predicting tumor response of HCC to CCRT.

 
14:00 3122.   Influence of multiparametric tumour delineation methods on the median transfer constant (Ktrans) tumour values and their reproducibility 
Nina Tunariu1, Michael Germuska1, Veronica A Morgan1, Sharon Giles1, Catherine Simpkin1, Timothy Yap2, James A d'Arcy1, David J Collins1, and Nandita M deSouza1
1Clinical MRI Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Institute of Cancer Research & EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, 2Drug Development Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital & Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom

 
A multiparametric protocol combining Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) and Diffusion Weighted (DW) MRI would potentially provide better characterisation of tumor response. Employing the same ROI would allow a more accurate cross-correlation between functional MRI parameters and reduce analysis time. This study explores the impact on transfer constant (Ktrans) values of ROIs drawn on the pre-contrast T1weighted, early DCE-MRI subtraction and DW-MRI images. The choice of tumor ROI delineation did not influence median Ktrans reproducibility. However, the absolute Ktrans values varied significantly between the three methods because of the extent to which the high vascularity tumor rim was included in the measurement.

 
14:30 3123.   Preliminary result of pharmacokinetic parameter evaluation in malignant pleural mesothelioma: Correlation with histology and growth type. 
Hatsuho Mamata1,2, Ritu R Gill1,2, Junichi Tokuda1,2, Robert F Padera2,3, Robert E Lenkinski2,4, William G Richards2,5, Tamara R Tilleman2,5, David J Sugarbaker2,5, and Hiroto Hatabu1,2
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States, 5Thoracic surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

 
Pharmacokinetic parameters correlate with growth type and age of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), however, they do not have correlation with histological subtype. Ktrans, kep and time-intensity curve type may reflect inflammatory component of diffuse pleural thickening type MPM.

 
15:00 3124.   Comparison of parameters of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE-)MRI and Contrast Enhanced UltraSound (CEUS) applied in a clinical pharmacological study 
Ulrike Fasol1, Annette Frost2, Martin Buechert1, Klaus Mross2, and Jann Arends2
1MR Development and Application Center, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Tumor Biology Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

 
Tumor-growth is critically dependent on blood supply. Thus tumor vasculature presents an ideal target for cancer therapy and numerous antivascular strategies are currently under investigation. DCE(dynamic-contrast-enhanced)-MRI is a non-invasive technique that is capable to measure tumor haemodynamics. It is therefore suitable for monitoring vascular targeted therapies. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is discussed as an alternative in some applications. Whereas DCE-MRI has been used for a couple of years and standards were published, CEUS is a relative new technique and standards have to be developed. In the current pharmacological study 14 patients were examined with both modalities and results were compared.

Electronic Posters : Cancer Imaging
Click on to view the abstract pdf and click on to view the video presentation.
Perfusion & Permeability: Preclinical & Clinical II

 
Monday May 9th
Exhibition Hall  14:00 - 16:00 Computer 15

14:00 3125.   Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI of the Liver for Therapy Monitoring of Hepatic Metastases from Neuroendocrine Tumors 
Wieland H Sommer1, Steven Sourbron2, Maximilian F Reiser1, Karin A Herrmann1, and Christoph Zech1
1Department of Radiology, University Hospital Munich, Grosshadern Campus, Munich, Bavaria, Germany, 2University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

 
This study analyzes different perfusion parameters from dynamic-contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver in patients with hypervascularized liver metastases. The perfusion parameters are correlated with specific-uptake-values (SUV)derived from PET-CT which typically serve as the standard of reference for therapy monitoring. Especially the arterial plasma flow shows very high correlations with SUV and may therefore be a valuable tool for MRI-therapy monitoring especially in antiangiogenetic therapies.

 
14:30 3126.   Correlation of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion with Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI Derived Parameters in Neck Nodal Metastases 
Yonggang Lu1, Jacobus F.A. Jansen2, Hilda E. Stambuk1, Yousef Tehrani-Mazaheri1, Nancy Lee1, Jason A. Koutcher1, and Amita Shukla-Dave1
1Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands

 
In the present study, correlation of quantitative parameters derived from IVIM- and DCE- MRI techniques was performed in neck nodal metastases. The results showed that D* (pseudo-diffusion coefficient) is positively correlated to Ktrans (volume transfer constant), vp( blood plasma volume fraction) and ve (extravascular extracellular space volume fraction) are positively correlated to D* and ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient), respectively. These initial results show the feasibility of characterizing diffusion and perfusion parameters using IVIM- and DCE- MRI in neck nodal metastases. In future, these techniques may be useful in assessing early treatment response in head and neck cancer patients.

 
15:00 3127.   Combined MRI texture and shape analysis for the prediction of biologic aggressiveness in musculoskeletal neoplasms 
Rebecca E Thornhill1, Greg O. Cron1, Ian Cameron1, Adnan Sheikh1, Gina Di Primio1, Joel Werier1, Mark E Schweitzer1, Jing Zhang2, and Xiao Guang Cheng2
1The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, China, People's Republic of

 
Musculoskeletal tumors comprise a diverse group of uncommon neoplasms. Conventional contrast-enhanced MRI techniques are inadequate for distinguishing malignant from benign masses. Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE-)MRI techniques followed by tracer kinetic modeling may offer improved diagnostic accuracy, but requires descriptors that can capture the spatial extent (‘shape’) and complexity (‘texture’) of tracer kinetic parameters like Ktrans. We retrospectively evaluated both textural and shape features extracted from Ktrans maps obtained from 86 patients with biopsy confirmed musculoskeletal tumors. This combined analysis achieved a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 75%, 79%, and 77%, respectively for the discrimination of benign from malignant masses.

 
15:30 3128.   Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography of primary colorectal cancer: Comparison of test-retest agreement. 
N. Jane Taylor1, Ian C Simcock1, J. James Stirling1, Aftab Khan2, Rob Glynne-Jones2, Anwar R Padhani1, and Vicky J Goh1
1Paul Strickland Scanner Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex HA6 2RN, United Kingdom, 2Cancer Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex HA6 2RN, United Kingdom

 
Assessment of tumour vascularisation and angiogenesis may provide prognostic and predictive information. This may be evaluated in primary colorectal cancer using dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT). Test-retest agreement is highly relevant to clinical utility but has not been compared in the same patient cohort to date. This prospective study was performed to compare the test-retest agreement of DCE-MRI and DCE-CT. Test-retest agreement for both techniques was adequate for clinical practice, and slightly better for DCE-CT than DCE-MRI for blood flow.

Electronic Posters : Cancer Imaging
Click on to view the abstract pdf and click on to view the video presentation.
Tumor Therapy Response - Preclinical & Clinical
 
Monday May 9th
Exhibition Hall  14:00 - 16:00 Computer 16

14:00 3129.   DCE-MRI in rat gliomas under therapy with temozolomide and a nitric oxide donor 
Claudia Weidensteiner1, Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar2, Anna Werres3, Nadja Osterberg3, Astrid Weyerbrock3, and Wilfried Reichardt2
1MR Development and Application Center, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Department of Radiology/Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

 
The treatment effect of the chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide (TMZ) in combination with the nitric-oxide donor JS-K was investigated with DCE-MRI in rat gliomas in vivo. Nitric-oxide donors can enhance the transport of drugs to brain tumors. The acute effect of JS-K was an increase in permeability of the blood-tumor barrier and/or tumor perfusion. After 1 week of treatment there was a significant decrease in tumor permeability/perfusion and tumor size for TMZ and TMZ+JS-K as compared to control. JS-K alone had no effect. TMZ+JS-K led to an increased edema formation but showed otherwise no difference to TMZ alone.

 
14:30 3130.   Multiparametric Imaging for Therapy Response to Cytotoxic and Cytostatic Agents in Xenograft Mice 
Natalie J Serkova1, Erica L Pierce2, Kendra M Hasebroock1, Andrea L Merz1, Todd M Pitts2, and Gail Eckhardt2
1Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Denver

 
The goal of this study was to establish functional (DW-MRI) and metabolic (PET and MRS) imaging end-points for therapy response to classic cytotoxic and novel cytostatic agents. A mouse colorecral cancer model was chosen to evaluate therapy response to a novel IGF1R tyrosine kinase inhibitor (cytostatic) and to irinotecan (cytotoxic). Specific multiparametric imaging end-points for therapeutic responses to a novel cytostatic STI (include ecreased glucose and choline uptake by PET as well as decreased lactate and choline metabolism by MRS). In contrast, cytotoxic effects of a chemotherapeutic agent result in increased ADC by DW-MRI and increased phospholipid and nucleotide breakdown.

 
15:00 3131.   Assessment of Early Tumor Response to Chemotherapy Using MR Elastography (MRE) 
Jun Chen1, Kiaran P McGee1, Yogesh K Mariappan1, kevin j Glaser1, Stephen M Ansell1, Kay M Pelletier1, Deanna M Grote1, and Richard L Ehman1
1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States

 
In the treatment of cancer with chemotherapy, a key strategy is to identify as early as possible chemotherapy induced tumor response. Traditionally, therapeutic response is derived from imaging based volumetry, requiring a significant time delay from chemotherapy administration to response detection. This work describes the application of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) based measurement of tumor stiffness to detect early response to chemotherapy. Results indicate that a statistically significant change in MRE-based tumor stiffness can be detected approximately four hours post therapy and suggests that this measure may be a new and highly sensitive biomarker of chemotherapy tumor response.

 
15:30 3132.   Comparisons of the Efficacy of the Jak1/2 Inhibitor AZD1480 with the VEGF signaling inhibitor cediranib (AZD2171) and Sham Treatments in Mouse Tumors Using DCE-MRI, DW-MRI, and Histology 
Mary E Loveless1,2, Deborah Lawson3, Michael Collins3, Deborah Morosini3, Corinne Reimer3, Dennis Huszar3, Jane Halliday4, John C Waterton4, John C Gore2,5, and Thomas E Yankeelov2,5
1Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Cancer Bioscience, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States, 4Translational Sciences: Imaging, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom, 5Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States

 
AZD1480 is a novel small molecule inhibitor of Jak 1/2, which have been shown to be key mediators of Stat3 activation. Both DW-MRI and DCE-MRI have been widely used previously to monitor cancer treatment. Jak/Stat pathway inhibition has been shown to modulate tumor cell survival and tumor angiogenesis, so this work seeks to assess the utility of DW-MRI and DCE-MRI in assessing the efficacy of AZD1480 compared to the anti-angiogenic drug cediranib at early treatment time points. The results fo this study indicate that DW-MRI is more sensitive to the effects of AZD 1480 treatment compared to DCE-MRI measurements.

 
Tuesday May 10th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 16

13:30 3133.   Treatment response assessment of a novel vascular-disrupting agent on rabbit tumor model using DCE-MRI 
Kyung Won Kim1, Jeong Min Lee1, Ji Suk Park1, Yong Sik Jeon1, Joon Koo Han1, and Byung Ihn Choi1
1Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of

 
CKD-516 is a vascular disrupting agent that disrupts the tubulin cytoskeleton of proliferating neo-endothelial cells. This leads to the selective destruction of pre-existing tumor blood vessels. In rabbit VX2 tumor model, the vascular shutdown effect of CKD-516 was evaluated using free-breathing radial DCE-MRI on 3T clinical machine. Our results showed that a single dose of CKD-516 significantly diminished tumor DCE-MRI parameters (K-trans and iAUC) until 36 hours post-treatment. Tumors with high initial Ktrans values, indicative of well-developed pre-existing vasculature, showed greater reduction of DCE-MRI parameters after CDK-516 treatment.

 
14:00 3134.   Textural Analysis of DCE-MRI of the Breast as a Predictor of Response 
Peter Gibbs1, Arfan Ahmed1, Martin Pickles1, and Lindsay Turnbull1
1Centre for MR Investigations, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom

 
Textural analysis, based on the spatial grey-level dependence matrix method, has been performed on 100 breast cancer patients prior to treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Texture parameters were calculated pre-contrast administration and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 minutes post-contrast injection. Significant differences in f2 (contrast) and f10 (difference variance) were noted between partial responders and non-responders. Significant differences were also noted in f6 (sum average) and f15 (cluster shade) between node positive and node negative patients. Textural analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced data may have a role in predicting treatment response.

 
14:30 3135.   Monitoring treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer by 3D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging 
Bogumil-Krystian Debski1, Wolfgang Bogner1, Marek Chmelik1, Katja Pinker2, Thomas Helbich2, Siegfried Trattnig1, and Stephan Gruber1
1MR Centre of Excellence, Dept. Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Dept. Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria

 
In this study we evaluate the capability of 3D-MRSI to monitor the treatment response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Eleven patients with histology proven breast cancer were measured before and after chemotherapy on a 3T scanner. Mean SNR-values of choline decreased by 94%, 84% and 21% for excellent, good and poor/non responder, respectively. Further, the number of voxels which contained choline decreased by 92%, 70% and 38% for excellent, good and poor/non responder, respectively. Therefore, the number of choline containing voxels could be an additional marker for treatment response. In conclusion 3D-MRSI can be applied for monitoring treatment response in a clinically feasible measurement time.

 
15:00 3136.   Evaluation of the role of DW-MRI in the assessment of tumor response to sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. 
Nishat Bharwani1, Marc E Miquel2, Thomas Powles3, Redha Boubertakh2, Anju Sahdev1, Rodney H Reznek1, and Andrea G Rockall1
1Radiology, Barts and The London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, 2Medical Physics, Barts and The London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Medical Oncology, Barts and The London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

 
In recent years there has been a shift in the treatment options available for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). There is a clinical need for early identification of subsets of patients who will respond to these new targeted therapies. To our knowledge, our work with sequential diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI) is the first to demonstrate that dynamic changes occur with sunitinib therapy. Correlation of these changes with overall survival is required to establish their prognostic significance. This work may therefore lead to the first steps towards individualized therapy in metastatic RCC.

 
Wednesday May 11th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 16

13:30 3137.   Sunitinib Induces Reductions in Tumor Vascular Permeability and Intra-tumor Vascular Volume in Renal Cell Carcinoma 
Mark Alan Rosen1, Yiqun Xue1, Sarah Englander1, Daniel Heitjian2, Hyunseon S Kang1, Anna Fagan1, Naomi Haas3, William Lee3, William Carley4, Hee Kwon Song1, Stephen Keefe3, and Yu Jiangsheng1
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,3Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA, United States

 
Acquisition of hybrid radial projection DCE-MRI allows for large volume perfusional imaging with rapid temporal resolution in human tumor studies. We studied ten patients with metastatic RCC before and early after initiation of therapy with Sunitinib. Tumor Ktrans, kep and Ve were all significantly decreased after therapy. Inclusion of intra-tumoral vascular volume significantly altered the magnitude of tumor DCE-MRI metrics, and provided evidence of therapy-induced reductions in both tumor vascular permeability and tumor vascular volume.

 
14:00 3138.   The Capital Greek DeltaKtrans DCE-MRI Parameter Provides Early Prediction of Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Therapy Response: Initial Experience 
Stephanie Hemmingson1, Kelly Perlewitz2, Megan Holtorf2, Ian Tagge1, William Woodward1, Christopher Ryan2, Charles Springer1, and Wei Huang1
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States

 
The ÄKtrans DCE-MRI parametric biomarker was tested on the first three soft-tissue sarcoma patients undergoing a phase I trial of antiangiogenic potentiatiated preoperative chemoradiotherapy. DCE-MRI data were acquired before therapy, after two weeks of antiangiogenic therapy only, and after eight more weeks of antiangiogenic therapy plus chemoradiotherapy. The % changes in tumor ROI and histogram median ÄKtrans values after two weeks provided superior early prediction of therapy pathologic response compared to those in tumor size and other kinetic parameters. Median ÄKtrans value after two weeks exhibited a linear relationship with the % necrosis of surgical specimens after ten weeks.

 
14:30 3139.   DCE-MRI as a Prognostic Factor in Osteosarcoma 
Junyu Guo1, John O. Glass1, Qing Ji1, Catherine A. Billups2, Najat C. Daw3, and Wilburn E. Reddick1
1Translational Imaging Research, Radiological Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States, 2Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States, 3Division of Pediatrics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States

 
We investigated the role of DCE-MRI in evaluating tumor histological response to preoperative chemotherapy and predicting overall and event-free survival (EFS) of pediatric patients with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic osteosarcoma in an international, multi-institutional trial. We found that DCE-MRI parameters Ktrans and vp at week 9 of neoadjuvant therapy could serve as surrogate biomarker for histological response. And DCE-MRI parameter Capital Greek Deltave, the difference of ve between outer and inner 50% of tumor at week 0, may be a true early prognostic factor for EFS and overall survival, which eventually could contribute to the development of risk-adapted therapy.

 
15:00 3140.   MRI Analysis of Bone Metastasis: Shape-Related Exclusion Criteria 
Rafal M Kedzierski1, and Paul T. Weatherall2
1Radiology, John Peter Smith Hospital, Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 2Radiology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States

 
Assessment of the 3-Dimensional shape of bone lesions alone, frequently provides useful diagnostic information. Our data strongly supports the conclusion that a bone lesion that has a highly elliptical shape is very unlikely to represent a metastasis, if centrally located or otherwise unimpeded in its growth directions. This limited study showed a highly significant difference (p<0.01) in bone metastasis shape depending on the degree of contact with the cortical barrier of vertebral bodies.

 
Thursday May 12th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 16

13:30 3141.   Assessment of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapeutic Response of Bladder Cancer by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI at 3T 
Huyen Thanh Nguyen1,2, Guang Jia1, Zarine K Shah1, Kamal S Pohar3, Amir Mortazavi4, Daniel Clark1, Mitva Patel1, Debra L. Zynger5, and Michael V Knopp1,2
1Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging and Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Biophysics Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Department of Urology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 4Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 5Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States

 
The aim of this on-going study is to evaluate the usefulness of DCE-MRI in the assessment of neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic response of bladder cancer. A linear two-compartment pharmacokinetic model was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters and their maps. The results showed that DCE-MRI was able to increase significantly the accuracy of the assessment from 67% to 92%, reveal the changes in perfusion characteristics of bladder tumor due to the chemotherapy, and map out the responsive and non-responsive regions of bladder tumor. These promising results indicated that DCE-MRI is a reliable and powerful tool to assess and predict the neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic response of bladder cancer.

 
14:00 3142.   MRI multi-parametric response mapping for assessment of early therapeutic efficacy in head and neck cancer 
Yonggang Lu1, Jacobus F.A. Jansen2, Hilda E Stambuk1, Nancy Lee1, Jason A. Koutcher1, and Amita Shukla-Dave1
1Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands

 
This study proposes to develop and implement a multi-parametric response mapping (mPRM) method by combining DWI, DCE MRI and T2 mapping in head and neck cancers. The method employs multiple MRI derived parameters to generate an integrated voxel-by-voxel response map. In this study, ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient), Ktrans (volume transfer constant) and T2 values (transverse relaxation time) were used to construct mPRM to assess early therapeutic efficacy. The parametric response indices provided from mPRM were compared with WHO response criterion. mPRM may provide more comprehensive information than the use of a single parameter for early assessment of treatment response.

 
14:30 3143.   An exploratory open-label, non-randomised, single centre methodology study to compare dynamic contrast enhanced CT and MRI as markers of changes in vascular activity mediated by a positive control agent (Cediranib), a potent inhibitor of VEGF-driven angiogenesis in patients with advanced solid tumours 
Christina Messiou1, Matthew Orton1, David J Collins1, Veronica A Morgan1, Dorothy Mears2, Isabel Castellano2, Dionysis Papadatospastos3, Andre Brunetto3, Jooern Ang3, Helen Mann4, Jean Tessier4, Helen Young4, Stan Kaye3, Johann de Bono3, Martin O Leach1, and Nandita M deSouza1
1CRUK & EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Institute of Cancer Research & Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, 2Radiology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, 3Dept of Medicine, Institute of Cancer Research & Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom, 4AstraZeneca, United Kingdom

 
The aim of this study was to establish within patient variability of DCE-MRI vs. DCE-CT in the same patients and compare their ability to measure changes in tumour blood flow and permeability in these patients when treated with the VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor cediranib. Image parameters were reproducible-most were in the range 15-25%. The most reproducible parameter was DCE-MRI EF followed by DCE-MRI Ktrans and iAUC60, and DCE-CT PEI. DCE-MRI and DCE-CT were comparable when assessing changes from baseline in vascular physiology. There was generally a higher percentage change from baseline for parameters measuring area under the curve (iAUC60, PEI).

 
15:00 3144.   Predictive value of fast and slow ADC component analysis for rectal cancer response monitoring after neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy: initial results. 
Martijn Intven1, Onne Reerink1, and Marielle E P. Philippens1
1Radiotherapy, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands

 
After neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) for locally advanced rectal cancer good pathological response correlates with good long term outcome. Reliable pathological response prediction is needed to enable safe omission of surgery in good responders. Diffusion weighted imaging showed already promising results in pathological response prediction. In this study tumour response was assessed with both fast and slow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) component analysis, which reflects the perfusion and diffusion contribution in the ADC value, respectively. 8 patients were analysed pre- and post-RCT. In both the fast and slow ADC values a larger increase correlated with a good pathological response.

Electronic Posters : Cancer Imaging
Click on to view the abstract pdf and click on to view the video presentation.
Cancer Cells - Biopsies, Biofluids

 
Monday May 9th
Exhibition Hall  14:00 - 16:00 Computer 17

14:00 3145.   Lipid profile of distinct areas of astrocytic brain tumors 
Frauke Nehen1, Laura Columbano2, Rudolf Fahlbusch2, and Dieter Leibfritz1
1Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Bremen, Germany, 2International Neuroscience Institute Hannover, Hannover, Germany

 
Changes of the lipid profile of distinct localisations of high grade astrocytic tumours were analyzed with high resolution 1 H-NMR-spectroscopy. Extracts of active tumor core, tumor margin and more distant tumor margin differ significantly in their content of phosphatidylcholines, plasmalogens, triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. Solid phase extraction revealed a modified fatty acid composition in the tumor core. In addition, galactosyl cerebrosides and dolichols are metabolic discriminators.

 
14:30 3146.   A 1H MRS Study on Neurospheres of Cancer Stem Cells from Human Glioblastoma Multiforme shows the presence of markers of both glial and neuronal morphology 
Laura Guidoni1, Lucia Ricci Vitiani2, Simona di Martino3, Sveva Grande1, Anna Maria Luciani1, Alessandra Palma4, Vincenza Viti1, and Antonella Rosi1
1Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità and INFN, Rome, Italy, 2Dipartimento di Ematologia, Oncologia e Medicina Molecolare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy, 3Scuola Superiore di Catania, University of Catania, Catania, Italy, 4Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

 
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor. Cancer stem cells (CSC) refractory to the usual therapies has been demonstrated for maintenance of a subset of self-renewing cells producing cancer recurrence. We here propose 1H MRS to study the metabolism in two CSC lines from primary GBM. The CSCs grown as neurospheres are characterised and compared with T98G cells, also from GBM, in order to highlight similarities and differences. The experiments demonstrate that CSC neurospheres host viable and metabolically active cells with neuronal markers such as GABA and glial markers such as gln.

 
15:00 3147.   METABOLIC SIGNATURES IN HISTOPATHOLOGICALLY PROVEN GALLBLADDER CARCINOMA TISSUES BY HRMAS NMR SPECTROSCOPY 
Santosh Kumar Bharti1, Raja Roy1, Anu Behari2, Vinay K Kapoor2, and C L Khetrapal1
1CBMR, Centre of Biomedical Magneetic Resonance, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2Dept. of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

 
The HRMAS NMR spectroscopic studies have been performed on gallbladder tissues specimens for the first time. A total number of 83 tissue specimens were analysed from 83 patients under going cholecystectomy. The proton NMR metabolic profile clearly distinguishes between the benign chronic cholecystits, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and malignant gallbladder tissues. The OPLS-DA, multivariate analysis provided correct classification of the tissues types. The investigation demonstrates the potential of HRMAS NMR for tissues metabotyping.

 
15:30 3148.   REVEALING CANCER PHENOTYPE-SPECIFIC BIOMARKERS IN A CELL PERFUSING SYSTEM BY 13C AND 1H MRS 
Rui Vasco Simoes1, Ellen Ackerstaff1, Natalia Kruchevsky1, Carl Le1, Kristen Zakian1, and Jason A Koutcher1
1Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States

 
Cancer development and progression is characterized by changes in the metabolic phenotype, such as enhanced aerobic glycolysis, which leads to acidification of the tumor microenvironment, and increased choline metabolism. However, the large variety of cancer phenotypes reported is difficult to screen in the clinical setting, leading to poor outcome. In this work we have used a MR-compatible cell perfusion system to study two cancer cell lines, with different metastatic potentials, during controlled environmental changes. The preliminary 13C and 1H MRS data obtained suggests differences in metabolism between the two cell lines.

 
Tuesday May 10th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 17

13:30 3149.   Treatment with the MEK inhibitor U0126 induces increased lactate production in prostate and breast cancer cell lines 
Alessia Lodi1, Sarah M Woods1, Robert M Danforth1, and Sabrina M Ronen1
1University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States

 
Malignant transformation often involves signaling pathway deregulation. Therefore, targeted inhibitors are under investigation as anticancer therapeutics. Here we investigated the metabolic consequences of treatment with a MAPK inhibitor in human prostate (PC3 and LNCaP) and breast (MCF7) cancer cells using proton and carbon MRS in vitro and in live cells, and gene expression analysis. Amongst other metabolic changes, the drug treatment consistently induced significantly increased production and intracellular accumulation of lactate. Concurrently, the overexpression of several glycolytic genes and the increased phosphorylation of Akt indicate that cross-talk between the MAPK and PI3K pathways induces an Akt-mediated enhanced glycolysis.

 
14:00 3150.   Proton HR-MAS MR Spectroscopy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma tissues: A metabolic and Multivariate Approach to Distinguish Malignant Tissues 
Raja Roy1, Shatakshi Srivastava1, Vivek Gupta2, Ashish Tiwari2, Anand N Srivastava3, and Abhinav A Sonkar2
1Centre of Biomedical Magneetic Resonance, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2Departments of General Surgery, Chattrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3Departments of Pathology, Chattrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

 
In the present work, HR-MAS NMR spectroscopic studies have been performed on human oral SCC tumor tissues, its neighboring margins and bed tissues (n=159), obtained from 36 patients (n=27 training set; n=9 unknown test set), for the identification of metabolic fingerprints. The proton NMR spectra were then subjected to PCA, OSC-filtered PCA and PLS-DA multivariate analysis. The training data-set (n=120 tissue specimens; 27 patients) of PLS-DA model allowed correct classification of malignant tissues from benign samples with >98% specificity and sensitivity. The class membership of unknown tissue specimens (n=39) obtained from nine patients were classified with 97.4% diagnostic accuracy.

 
14:30 3151.   Metabolic Characterisation of Retinoblastoma Tumour Tissue 
Martin Wilson1,2, Georgia Kapatai1, Risto A Kauppinen3, Theodoros N Arvanitis2,4, Carmel McConville1, and Andrew C Peet1,2
1Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom,3Department of Radiology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States, 4School of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Enineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

 
In this study 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR (HR-MAS) was performed on 12 intact retinoblastoma tumour samples to improve understanding of the molecular pathways important in this disease. A high level of taurine was evident from all spectra indicating that this metabolite may be a useful marker of primative neuroectodurmal tumours. In addition, some correlation with gene-expression profiles and molecular genetics was observed, indicating that further work in this area is warranted.

 
15:00 3152.   MR Microimaging of ex-vivo prostate tissue at 16.4T 
Gary Cowin1, Nyoman Dana Kurniawan1, Paul Sved2,3, Geoff Watson4, and Roger Bourne5
1Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 2Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 3Department of Urology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 4Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 5Discipline of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

 
Current clinical identification of prostrate cancer tissue using MRI is limited by the resolution and contrast, which has yet to approach the gold standard of histopathology of biopsy tissue. In this work, we present high-resolution diffusion and micro-MR imaging of prostrate biopsy samples in order to understand the underlying properties of the normal and cancer tissue contrast, and their correlation with low-resolution clinical MRI scans.

 

Electronic Posters : Cancer Imaging
Click on to view the abstract pdf and click on to view the video presentation.
Cancer - Animal Models

 
Monday May 9th
Exhibition Hall  14:00 - 16:30 Computer 18

14:00 3153.   Differentiation of radiation necrosis from glioma in rat models using diffusion tensor MR imaging 
Silun Wang1, Yifei Chen1, Bachchu Lal2,3, Eric Ford4, Erik Tryggestad4, Michael Armour4, Kun Yan1, John Laterra2,3, and Jinyuan Zhou1,5
1Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States

 
We evaluated the DTI features of brain radiation necrosis (40 Gy, 1010 mm2) and 9L and GBM22 glioma models in rats. Results indicated that radiation necrosis consisted of a hyperintense rim and a hypointense central zone, compared to the contralateral hemisphere. There was decreased directionality and magnitude of water diffusion in the lesion of radiation necrosis, particularly in its central zone. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of DTI indices provides useful information to differentiate between radiation necrosis and glioma in rat models.

 
14:30 3154.   Breast cancer metastases in the rat spinal cord induce focal, but not distal, neurodegeneration measured with diffusion tensor imaging. 
Matthew D Budde1, Eric Gold1, E. Kay Jordan1, and Joseph A Frank1
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States

 
The increased incidence of central nervous system (CNS) metastases is an unfortunate consequence of improved cancer therapy for systemic disease. Therefore, a better understanding of the interaction between metastatic tumors and the host CNS tissue is important. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate the neurodegenerative effects of spinal cord metastases in a rat model of metastatic breast cancer. DTI and histological staining were consistent in demonstrating extensive axonal and dendritic injury in metastatic lesions, but the focal injury did not lead to Wallerian degeneration of axons distal to the lesion.

 
15:00 3155.   Characterization of brain tumor infiltration into adjacent brain tissue in experimental models with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 
Silun Wang1, and Jinyuan Zhou1,2
1Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States

 
We evaluated the growth properties of 9L, F98, and GBM22 glioma models using DTI. Results indicated that significantly higher diffusion anisotropy in the immediate peritumoral region of glioma reflected tumor compression, whereas tumor cell infiltration disrupted neurofibers and decreased diffusion anisotropy. Significantly decreased FA and increased λ (with similar λ//) may be regarded as useful imaging patterns to determine damaged NAWM adjacent to glioma.

 
15:30 3156.   MR Spectroscopic Imaging of Lactate in Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Models 
Asif Rizwan1,2, Xiaohui Ni1, Rachael O'Connor3, Samuel Singer3,4, Jason Koutcher1,5, and Kristen L. Zakian1,5
1Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 3Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Sarcoma Disease Management Program and Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 4Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 5Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States

 
Liposarcoma is the most prevalent type of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS), comprising 20% of that heterogeneous tumor family. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) is an aggressive STS subtype with 5-year disease-specific survival of 44%. Not only is there a need for more effective treatment for this potentially deadly tumor, but additional a priori prognostic information would be useful in identifying patients needing more aggressive treatment. The goal of the current study was to assess the glycolytic phenotype in two models of DDLS using lactate-edited MR spectroscopic imaging.

 
     
Tuesday May 10th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 18

13:30 3157.   Assessment of metastatic potential of 67NR and 4T1 tumors with selective multiple-quantum coherence transfer 
Asif Rizwan1, Inna Serganova2, Xiaohui Ni1, Sunitha Thakur1,3, Ronald Blasberg2,3, and Jason Koutcher1,3
1Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States

 
Metabolic changes in primary tumors are recognized to have a significant impact on the development of metastatic phenotypes. The accumulation of lactate in tumors is associated with aerobic glycolysis. The objective of this study was to compare lactate production in non-metastatic (67NR) and metastatic (4T1) orthotopic implanted murine breast tumors. The spectra are acquired using the selective multiple-quantum coherence transfer (SelMQC) sequence. The 4T1 tumors show a high level of lactate at the early stage of growth while 67NR tumors have barely detectable lactate signal. These results show that lactate can be used as a prognostic marker for tumor metastasis

 
14:00 3158.   In vivo lactate T1 and T2 relaxation measurements in ER-positive breast tumors using SS-SelMQC editing sequence 
Sanjay Annarao1, Ku Thomas2, Nagavarakishore Pillarsetty3, Jason Koutcher1,2, and Sunitha Thakur1,2
1Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

 
Using SS-SelMQC editing sequence, 2-3 fold increase in the Lac signal to noise is observed when compared to conventional single shot editing method. Absolute quantification of Lac requires correction factors due to J-coupling evolution, molecular diffusion, as well as T1 and T2 relaxation factors. Though we can calculate the effects of J-couplings and molecular diffusion effects, one needs to measure T1 and T2 for absolute quantification. Hence we report a modified T1 and T2 variants of SS-SelMQC sequence to measure Lac T1 and T2 values with increased signal-to-noise. T1 and T2 were measured using phantoms and in-vivo mice breast tumors.

 
14:30 3159.   Suppression of Peritumoral Edema for Improved Demarcation of Brain Tumor Lesion with T1 over T2 (T1/T2) Mapping 
Jerry S. Cheung1, Enfeng Wang1, Giulia Fulci2, and Phillip Zhe Sun1
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, MGH and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States, 2Molecular Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Center for Molecular Imaging, MGH and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02124, United States

 
T1 and T2 MRI are widely used MRI parameters in monitoring tumor progression and treatment response, yet unambiguous demarcation of tumor from peritumoral edema is often difficult due to diffuse tumor boundary. Given that both T1 and T2 of tumor and edema alter to different extent, we postulate that T1 over T2 (TOT) map may augment conventional relaxation time imaging. Our data showed that T1/T2 better depicted brain tumor region by suppressing signal from peritumoral edema and CSF, in good agreement with Gadolinium-enhanced MRI.

 
15:00 3160.   Changes in high spectral and spatial resolution MR images of tumor tissue due to locally induced hyperthermia 
Sean Foxley1, Xiaobing Fan1, Jonathan River1, Marta Zamora1, Erica Markiewicz1, Shunmugavelu Sokka2, and Gregory S Karczmar1
1Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2MR-HIFU, Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA, United States

 
This pilot study investigates physiological effects of locally induced hyperthermia in a rodent tumor model using high spectral and spatial resolution MRI. Approximately 6° C increases were produced in tumor tissue using fiber optic guided light from a halogen lamp. Time dependent changes in water resonance peak width were measured during 15 minutes of localized tumor heating. Hyperthermically induced quantitative differences between tumor tissue and normal muscle were measured. Results suggest that response to hyperthermia measured by MRI could be used diagnostically to identify and/or characterize suspicious lesions and guide development of new hyperthermia protocols.

 
Wednesday May 11th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 18

13:30 3161.   Hyperpolarized 13C Biomarkers of Response to Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy 
Vickie Yi Zhang1, Robert Bok1, Subramaniam Sukumar1, Adam Cunha2, I-Chow Hsu2, Kristen Scott1, Jean Pouliot2, Daniel Vigneron1, and John Kurhanewicz1
1Dept. of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

 
This study investigated serial changes in hyperpolarized (HP) pyruvate metabolism and perfusion (via HP urea) in TRAMP prostate tumors following exposure to varying doses (14-5Gy) of radiation therapy to better understand the potential clinical value of HP13C MR for monitoring prostate cancer radiation therapy. Significant, dose-dependent changes in perfusion and HP lactate-to-pyruvate (lac/pyr) flux were observed early (1-8 days) after radiation therapy. HP urea significantly decreased within high (14-12Gy) and intermediate (12-7Gy) dose regions of radiation, but initially increased before decreasing in low (5-7Gy) dose regions. For all three dose regions, lac/pyr ratios significantly decreased by 8 days following treatment.

 
14:00 3162.   Imaging Oncogene Expression Using Hyperpolarized Succinic Acid 
Pratip Bhattacharya1, Niki Zacharias1, William H Perman2, Asraf Imam1, Alan Epstein3, and Brian D Ross1
1Enhanced MR Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States, 2Medical Physics, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States,3Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States

 
The objective of this work was to overcome inherent insensitivity of in vivo MR by demonstrating metabolic imaging of the Succinate Dehydrogenase oncogene expression. This was accomplished by imaging the products of Krebs Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle in vivo using PHIP (Parahydrogen Induced Imaging) modality of hyperpolarization in real time in two tumor bearing mice models-a) RENCA renal cancer and b) Lymphoma A20. Hyperpolarized C-13 labeled succinate is shown to interrogate different steps of TCA cycle metabolism and image the SDH oncogene expression in real time.

 
14:30 3163.   Characterization of lung cancer by amide proton transfer (APT) imaging: in-vivo study in an orthotopic mouse model 
Masaya Takahashi1, Osamu Togao1, Chase W. Kessinger2, Gang Huang2, Ivan Dimitrov1, A. Dean Sherry1, and Jinming Gao2
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States, 2Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States

 
Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is one of the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging methods which images the exchange between protons of free tissue water and the amide groups (-NH) of endogenous mobile proteins and peptides. Previous work suggested that the ability of APT imaging for characterization of the tumoral grade in the brain tumor. In this study, we tested the feasibility of APT imaging of lung cancer and investigated whether the method characterizes the tumoral types in an orthotopic mouse model.

 
15:00 3164.   Predicting Glioma Response to Radiotherapy with Amide Proton Transfer (APT) MRI 
Jinyuan Zhou1,2, Silun Wang1, Betty Tyler3, Rachel Grossman3, Erik Tryggestad4, Eric Ford4, Michael Armour4, Kun Yan1, Bachchu Lal5, Peter C.M. van Zijl1,2, and John Laterra5
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States

 
We applied APT imaging to U87MG tumor-bearing rats that were treated with radiation therapy (40 Gy). It was found that the APT signal in the radiated tumor significantly decreased after treatment. Our results show the potential of the APT-MRI signal as a biomarker that can greatly improve the value of MRI in the differentiation between viable tumor and radiation necrosis, and in the early prediction of treatment response in brain tumors.

 
Thursday May 12th
  13:30 - 15:30 Computer 18

13:30 3165.   Investigation of the BOLD response to carbogen breathing with tumour blood volume in an intracranial F98 rodent glioma model 
Efthymia Papaevangelou1, Kirstie Suzanne Opstad1, and Franklyn Arron Howe1
1Clinical Sciences, St. George's University of London, London, Greater London, United Kingdom

 
Tumour vascularity and oxygenation was investigated using blood oxygenation level dependant (BOLD) MRI in orthotopic F98 gliomas. Fractional blood volume (fBV), measured using a USPIO contrast agent, was compared with a carbogen-induced BOLD response. In tumour regions, with wide ranging fBV, a strong correlation was found between ΔR2* and fBV. Normal-appearing contralateral brain had lower fBV and a larger R2* response than non-tumour bearing normal brain. Low fBV may be an effect of vascular compression by the tumour and alter interpretation of the tumour BOLD response. fBV appears a dominant factor determining the size of BOLD response in this model.

 
14:00 3166.   Correlation of Quantitative Tissue Characteristics Derived from DCE-MRI, DW-MRI and Histology in Murine Tumors 
Mary E Loveless1,2, Deborah Lawson3, Michael Collins3, Corinne Reimer3, Dennis Huszar3, Jane Halliday4, John C Waterton4, John C Gore2, and Thomas E Yankeelov2
1Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Cancer Bioscience, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, United States, 4Translational Sciences: Imaging, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, United Kingdom

 
ADC maps obtained from DW-MRI and the fraction of extravascular-extracellular space (ve) derived from DCE-MRI analysis have been shown to correlate with cellularity in tumors; thus, maps of ADC and ve should be directly related. The goal of this study is to assess the quantitative relationship between these parameters in a mouse tumor model using two treatment regimens. This study shows that both ADC and ve have significant positive correlation with the extracellular space within the tumor. However,ve is hugely overestimated compared to its histological counterpart, indicating there are other factors that influence these imaging parameters, specifically ve.

 
14:30 3167.   Non-invasive visualization of differential BBB permeability and in vivo quantification of tumor volume in an experimental model of breast cancer metastasis to the brain, using Gadolinium-enhanced MRI and 3D bSSFP 
Dean Bowles Percy1, Emeline J Ribot1, Catherine McFadden1, Yuhua Chen1, Carmen Simedrea2, Ann F Chambers2, Patricia S Steeg3, and Paula J Foster1
1Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada, 2London Regional Cancer Program, London, Ontario, Canada, 3National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States

 
Brain metastases are notoriously difficult to treat, in part due to heterogeneity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, which can inhibit drug delivery. By using high-resolution 3D bSSFP MRI in tandem with traditional gadolinium-contrast enhanced T1wSE we are the first to longitudinally monitor BBB permeability in breast cancer brain metastases, and by using MR volume measurements, relate this permeability to metastasis size, in vivo. This model can provide the foundation for much needed preclinical evaluation of efficacy and delivery of chemotherapeutics engineered to cross the BBB, and hopefully lead to better clinical management of brain metastases.

 
15:00 3168.   Analysis of vascular function by DCE-MRI in a human endothelial cell derived angiogenesis model in mice under anti- and pro-angiogenic treatment 
Claudia Weidensteiner1, Wilfried Reichardt2, Oliver Siedentopf3, Ralph Graeser3, and Holger Weber3
1MR Development and Application Center, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Department of Radiology/Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3ProQinase GmbH, Freiburg, Germany

 
Vascular function under treatment was studied with dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in a new in vivo angiogenesis model. Luciferase-transduced human endothelial cells embedded in a Matrigel matrix formed a functional neovasculature when implanted into mice. DCE-MRI showed differences in perfusion after treatment with different compounds and antibodies. This was compared to bioluminescence imaging and classical immunohistochemistry. Anti-angiogenic treatment decreased the fitted transfer constants and areas under the enhancement curves in the Matrigel plugs as compared to controls which indicated a decreased perfusion while angiogenesis-stimulating treatment showed the opposite effect.