ISMRM 21st Annual Meeting & Exhibition ○ 20-26 April 2013 ○ Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
SCIENTIFIC SESSION
High Resolution fMRI Applications to Neuroscience Tuesday 23 April 2013
Room 355 BC | 13:30 - 15:30 | Moderators: | Josef Pfeuffer, Essa S. Yacoub
13:30 | 0294. | Laminar Specificity of fMRI Onset Times Distinguishes Top Down from Bottom Up Neural Inputs Mediating Cortical Plasiticty Xin Yu1, Chunqi Qian1, Der-Yow Chen1, Stephen Dodd2, and Alan P. Koretsky1 1NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States How to extract specific neural information from fMRI signal remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate that fMRI onset laminar positions coincide with input neural projections in the cortex. Ascending thalamocortical input leads to fMRI onset at layer 4 and activation in motor cortex through somatomotor corticocortical connections shifts fMRI onset to layer 2/3 and 5. Following unilateral infraorbital denervation, ipsilateral fMRI activation in the deafferented barrel cortex to spared whisker input has an onset at layer 2/3 and 5, consistent with corticocortical callosal projections. This indicates that fMRI onset times may enable distinguishing thalamocortical (bottom-up) from corticocortical (top-down) inputs into cortex.
13:42 | 0295. | Tonotopic Columns and Cortical Depth Dependent Modulations in Human A1: Preliminary Results. Federico De Martino1,2, Michelle Moerel1, Rainer Goebel1, Kamil Ugurbil2, Elia Formisano1, and Essa S. Yacoub2 1University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States We image the columnar organization and layer dependent modulation of human primary auditory cortex using high resolution T2 weighted functional imaging based on 3D-GRASE. We show a columnar arrangement of preferred frequency. Further we highlight layer dependent modulations of functional activation dependent on task. Our results show that the difference of responses to different frequencies increases in superficial layers when subjects are engaged in an auditory discrimination task, suggesting that superficial layers of A1 are modulated by the increase in feedback information during this task.
13:54 | 0296. | Laminar-Specific fMRI Changes in Rat Olfactory Bulb Following Evoked Odor Stimulation Alexander John Poplawsky1 and Seong-Gi Kim1 1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States The olfactory bulb is an excellent model to study laminar-specific activation because each layer has different neurophysiological roles in odorant encoding. Here, we measured signal changes across different layers of the olfactory bulb in response to an evoked odor stimulus using CBV and BOLD fMRI. We found that CBV had increased sensitivity and spatial-specificity compared to BOLD. In addition, CBV images had large activation foci surrounded by diffuse, global activation and laminar profiles that were similar to 2-deoxy-D-glucose autoradiographic studies. We conclude that CBV fMRI measures changes at sites specific to neural activity at all laminar depths.
14:06 | 0297. | Regional Structural Differences Across Functionally Parcellated Brodmann Areas of Human Primary Somatosensory Cortex Rosa M. Sanchez Panchuelo1, Julien Besle2, Olivier E. Mougin1, Penelope A. Gowland1, Richard W. Bowtell1, Denis Schluppeck2, and Susan T. Francis1 1Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom We exploit the improved BOLD CNR and high spatial resolution achievable at 7T to study the correlation of structure and function within the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Using a travelling wave fMRI paradigm to map the within-digit representation of the index, middle, and ring fingers in S1, we identify multiple map reversals at the tip and base, corresponding to the boundaries between Brodmann areas 3a/3b/1/2. Based on high resolution structural MRI data, we inspect these functionally-parcellated Brodmann areas for differences in cortical thickness and MR measures (MTR and signal intensity in PSIR images) that are sensitive to myelination.
14:18 | 0298. | BOLD fMRI Study of Rat Inferior Colliculus Activated by an Oddball Paradigm Patrick P. Gao1,2, Jevin W. Zhang1,2, Joe S. Cheng1,2, Russell W. Chan1,2, Leon C. Ho1,2, Iris Y. Zhou1,2, and Ed X. Wu1,2 1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Rapid detection of sudden changes of external sensory stimulation is important for interaction with environment. In auditory neuroscience, the oddball paradigm has been frequently used to investigate how sounds are processed in different cortical and subcortical structures. Most human studies were focused on the cortical regions while recent electrophysiological studies in animals revealed that neurons in subcortical regions also respond to novel stimulus. In this study, we aim to reveal the role of rodent inferior colliculus in processing novel sounds non-invasively using BOLD fMRI.
14:30 | 0299. | Neurometabolic and Neurovascular Couplings Across Cortical Layers of Rat Brain Peter Herman1, Basavaraju G. Sanganahalli1, Douglas L. Rothman1,2, Hal Blumenfeld3,4, and Fahmeed Hyder1,2 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States,3Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 4Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States CMRO2 changes were calculated with calibrated fMRI at 11.7T measurements of CBF, CBV, and BOLD responses across layers of the rat cortex. LFP and MUA measurements were compared to BOLD, CBV, CBF, and CMRO2 responses. Surprisingly BOLD and CBV responses varied considerably across layers and were uncoupled with layer-specific neural measures - LFP was strong in all cortical layers, whereas MUA was weakest in the superficial layers. CBF was strongly correlated with LFP, whereas CMRO2 was correlated with MUA. While these results lend experimental support for neurometabolic and neurovascular couplings across the cortex, CBF/LFP and CMRO2 /MUA have different spatial distributions.
14:42 | 0300. | Experimental Investigation of the Relation Between Gradient Echo BOLD fMRI Contrast and Underlying Susceptibility Changes at 7T Dávid Z. Balla1, Rosa M. Sanchez Panchuelo2, Samuel J. Wharton2, Gisela E. Hagberg1,3, Klaus Scheffler1,3, Susan T. Francis2, and Richard W. Bowtell2 1High-field MR Centre, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany Gradient echo BOLD fMRI contrast was compared to the underlying local susceptibility changes, calculated from the same time-series using functional quantitative susceptibility mapping (fQSM). Comparing voxels coincidentally activated in both fQSM and GE-fMRI, differences were found between motor, visual and somatosensory paradigms in the respective brain areas. In most of these common voxels the signs of susceptibility and magnitude change were opposite confirming expectations. Yet, in a significant number of voxels the signs matched, suggesting strong non-local contributions. Experiments with the motor paradigm showed positive susceptibility shifts and magnitude signal changes in deep cortical layers.
14:54 | 0301. | Investigating the Field Strength Dependence of BOLD Onset Time Ian D. Driver1, Susan T. Francis1, and Penelope A. Gowland1 1Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom This work assesses the origin of a shift to earlier BOLD onset times with increasing field strength, observed in response to a visual stimulus. Potential causes due to inflowing blood and different relative contributions of arteries and veins as a result of T2* changes across field strength are ruled out. Rather, a delayed venous blood oxygenation response with respect to blood flow increases, accompanied by a reduced capillary extravascular signal contribution at 1.5 T, consistent with previous Monte Carlo simulations, can be shown to cause the later onset time at 1.5 T compared to 7T.
15:06 | 0302. | bSSFP fMRI Study of Sound Amplitude Modulation in Inferior Colliculus Jevin W. Zhang1,2, Condon Lau1, Patrick P. Gao1,2, Joe S. Cheng1,2, Gehua Tong1, Iris Y. Zhou1,2, and Ed X. Wu1,2 1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China Amplitude modulation (AM) is an essential feature of most natural acoustic signals and it is important in variety of sound perceptual tasks. The periodotopic map in inferior colliculus is based on the temporal analysis of periodic envelop or AM information. In this study we demonstrated the detection of spatial encoding of AM sound frequency using continuous bSSFP fMRI. Furthermore, the AM frequency encoding gradient was observed to be orthogonal to the sound spectrum frequency encoding or tonotopy gradient. Our findings can help us understand more about the auditory processing and hearing disorders.
15:18 | 0303. | Simultaneous Multi-Slab Echo Volume Imaging: Comparison in Sub-Second fMRI Liyong Chen1,2 and David Feinberg2,3 1Advanced MRI Technologies, LLC, Sebastopol, CA, United States, 2Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States,3Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States Simultaneous multi-slab EVI is proposed and compare to multi-slab EVI and multiplexed EPI in 200 ms TR whole brain coverage and shows promise of a new fMRI acquisition strategy.