ISMRM 21st Annual Meeting & Exhibition ○ 20-26 April 2013 ○ Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
SCIENTIFIC SESSION
Imaging Biomarkers In Psychiatric Diseases Thursday 25 April 2013
Room 151 AG | 16:00 - 18:00 | Moderators: | Stefan Sunaert, Steven C. R. Williams
16:00 | 0732. | Abnormal Resting-State Default Mode Network Connectivity in Major Depressive Disorder: Multimodal EEG and BOLD fMRI Study Han Yuan1, Vadim Zotev1, Raquel Phillips1, Kymberly D. Young1, Masaya Misaki1, and Jerzy Bodurka1,2 1Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States, 2College of Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States We acquired simultaneous EEG and BOLD fMRI in groups of major depressive (MDD) and healthy control subjects. We developed a multimodal analysis approach to investigate the abnormal resting-state default model network (DMN) connectivity in MDD. Our study revealed increased connectivity in the left superior frontal cortex, bilateral middle temporal gyri, and medial prefrontal cortex and decreased connectivity in the posterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, joint analysis with EEG found that, in the regions with abnormal DMN connectivity, MDD subjects’ score of depression severity are positively correlated with the EEG-microstates-associated BOLD activity, but not with the DMN activity derived from BOLD alone.
16:12 | 0733. | Dynamic T1rho Imaging in Panic Disorder Vincent A. Magnotta1,2, Casey P. Johnson1, Robin Follmer2, Simon Roh1, and John A. Wemmie2 1Radiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States, 2Psychiatry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States The purpose of this study is to evaluate functional T1rho imaging in panic disorder. We used a visual flashing checkerboard to assess dynamic changes in the T1ρ relaxation parameter within the occipital cortex. In addition, BOLD and 31P spectroscopy were obtained using a similar paradigm. We found a significant increase in T1ρ relaxation in panic subjects as compared to controls during the visual activation task within the cuneus bilaterally and a significant decrease in the anterior cingulate bilaterally. In subjects with panic disorder, we found a significant relationship between the magnitude of the T1rho response and symptoms as measured with the Beck Anxiety Inventory. BOLD imaging did not reveal any significant relationships with symptoms.
16:24 | 0734. | Structural and Functional Connectivity Changes in the Brain Associated with Shyness But Not with Social Anxiety Xun Yang1, Keith Maurice Kendrick2, Taolin Chen1, Bochao Cheng1, Li Yao1, Shiguang Li1, Xiaoqi Huang1, and Qiyong Gong1 1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China How to distinguish shyness from social anxiety and trait anxiety has been of great concern to both clinicians and researchers. We assume that shyness should be contributed to by structural and functional changes in the brain and addressed this issue by using voxel-based sMRI and rfMRI to test correlations between brain structure, functional connectivity and shyness and social anxiety. Our results have indeed confirmed the presence of extensive structural and functional connectivity changes in cortical and limbic regions involved with processing social stimuli in shy individuals. And these changes are not associated with social or trait anxiety despite both having some behavioral correlation with shyness.
16:36 | 0735. | Cortical Thickness Revealing Cerebral Anatomical Deficits in Drug-Naive First-Episode Schizophrenia Yuan Xiao1, Su Lui1, Li Yao1, Teng Xie2, Yong He2, and Qiyong Gong1 1Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center,West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing, China Synopsis:Cortical thickness was measured to investigate the anatomical deficit in antipsychotic naive first episode schizophrenia. 128 patients and 141 healthy controls were recruited. We employed CIVET software to extract cortical thickness measurements from T1-weighted MRI images. The cortical thinning, especially, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, may be resulted from neuroprogression in schizophrenia. Cortical thickening in bilateral temporal poles and other cortices were also revealed and may result from the compensatory mechanism or abnormal neurodevelopment at early stage of schizophrenia. In addition, a strong link between PANSS scores and cortical thickness displayed a consensus between cerebral structure and clinical manifestations.
16:48 | 0736. | CBF Differences Between Healthy and Schizophrenic Brains – a FBIRN Phase 3 Multisite Study at 3T Using CBFBIRN Database and Analysis Pipeline David Shin1, Jerod Rasmussen2, Burak Ozyurt1, Juan Bustillo3, Theodorus GM Van Erp2, Jatin Vaidya4, Daniel Mathalon5, Bryon Mueller6, James Voyvodic7, Douglas Greve8, Judith Ford5, Gary H. Glover9, Gregory Brown1, Steven Potkin2, and Thomas Liu1 1University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 3University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 4University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States, 5University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 6University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 7Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 8Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 9Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States In this multisite ASL study, we used a standardized FAIR protocol to measure baseline CBF in 112 healthy controls and gender/age matched 122 schizophrenic patients across 6 sites. CBF processing and group analysis were performed by the CBFBIRN Data Analysis and Processing Pipeline (https://cbfbirn.ucsd.edu). Whole-brain gray matter CBF was significantly lower in patients (52.03±1.36 ml/100g-min) compared to healthy controls (55.12±1.36 ml/100g-min). In standard space, voxel-level analysis, schizophrenia was associated with 12 brain regions characterized by hypoperfusion (p<0.01, corrected) including right insula. In contrast, CBF in right putamen was found to be higher with schizophrenia (41.27±1.72 vs. 34.27±1.62 ml/100g-min).
17:00 | 0737. | Hippocampal Choline Level Predicts Symptomatic Improvement with Agomelatine in Major Depressive Disorder: A 3 Tesla Single Voxel Spectroscopy Study Najib Allaïli1,2, Romain Valabregue2, Malgorzata MarjanskaA3,4, Pauline Delaveau1, Éric Bardinet2, Maritza Jabourian5, Judith LAREDO5, Philippe Fossati1,6, and Stéphane Lehéricy2,7 1USR 3246, CNRS, Paris, Île-de-France, France, 2Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche - CENIR, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière - ICM, Paris, Île-de-France, France, 3Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 5Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier - IRIS, Courbevoie, Île-de-France, France, 6Psychiatry, APHP - GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, Île-de-France, France, 7UMR-S975 ; Inserm, U975 ; CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France, CRICM, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, Île-de-France, France In this study, we sought to identify spectroscopic correlates of depressive state and of response to Agomelatine, a new antidepressant with melatonin agonist and 5-HT2C antagonist properties. 21 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 15 matched healthy controls underwent a spectroscopic examination in the left hippocampus before starting a 6-week treatment with Agomelatine. Clinical symptoms were assessed at W0 and W7.
17:12 | 0738. | Impact of Cocaine Use on Brain Metabolism: Hypoactivity, Dose Dependence, and Relationship to Cognitive Ability Peiying Liu1, Bryon Adinoff2,3, Carol Tamminga2, Francesca Filbey4, and Hanzhang Lu1 1Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States, 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States, 3VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas, United States, 4Center For Brain Health, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States Long-term cocaine use is known to negatively impact neural systems. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) is thought to be a direct index of neural activity, but no measurements of brain oxygen metabolism in cocaine-addicted patients has been reported. We used a non-invasive, fast and reliable MR method to examine impact of long-term cocaine use on CMRO2. We sought to answer three questions: 1) is CMRO2 in cocaine-addicted participants significantly different from that in healthy controls? 2) is there a relationship between cocaine use and the severity of metabolic deficit? 3) does the degree of CMRO2 deficit predict cognitive ability?
17:24 | 0739. | Effects of an Antidepressant Dose of Ketamine on Prefrontal Aspartate, Glutamine and Gaba Levels in Healthy Subjects: Assessing the Post-Infusion Interval with 1H-MRS Milan Scheidegger1,2, Alexander Fuchs1, Mick Lehmann2, Simone Grimm2,3, Heinz Boeker2, Erich Seifritz2, and Anke Henning1,4 1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Clinic of Affective Disorders and General Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Cluster Languages of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Germany, 4Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany Ketamine is a potent glutamatergic NMDA receptor antagonist with rapid antidepressant properties at subanaesthetic doses, thus providing a valuable research tool for the investigation of the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled 1H-MRS study in 13 healthy subjects reveals the neuropharmacological effects of a single intravenous subanaesthetic ketamine infusion on prefrontal aspartate, glutamine and GABA levels in the 3-4 hour post-infusion interval. Our findings are in line with a shift in the excitatory-inhibitory balance following ketamine administration that may play an important role in restoring parts of the disrupted neurometabolic homeostasis in MDD patients.
17:36 | 0740. | Spatial Working Memory in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Steffen Bollmann1,2, Carmen Ghisleni1,2, Ruth L. O'Gorman1,2, Simon S. Poil1,2, Peter Klaver2,3, Lars Michels1,4, Juliane Ball5, Dominique Eich-Höchli6, Ernst Martin1,2, and Daniel Brandeis5,7 1Center for MR-Research, University Children‘s Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland, 2Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 3Institute of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 4Institute of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 5Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 6Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 7Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/ Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany Since working memory deficits play an important role in ADHD we developed a spatial working memory task to examine differences in brain activity between adults and children with ADHD and controls. In a fMRI study we investigated adults and children with and without ADHD to understand the underlying developmental deficits seen in ADHD. Our results suggest that the working memory networks are not yet fully developed in children and that ADHD subjects do not recruit a larger network to handle increased working memory demand, unlike control subjects.
17:48 | 0741. | CoQ10 Effect on Cerebral Metabolites and Mood Conditions in Geriatric Bipolar Depression Chun S. Zuo1, Brent Forester1, Fei Du1, and Perry F. Renshaw2 1McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States, 2The Brain Institute, Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States To address possible altered energy metabolism in bipolar disorder (BPD), this study evaluated the effects of an 8-week trial of oral CoEnzyme Q10 for ten individuals with BPD stable on concurrent psychiatric medication using 31P MRS at 4T and weekly clinical mood assessment. CoQ10 treatment was associated with a statistically significant improvement in mood at week 2 and week 4 of treatment. The 31P MRS scan at week 8 found that CoQ10 resulted in an uptrend of creatine kinase activity, measured by kfor, and an increase in the PME/PDE ratio, suggesting alterations in membrane metabolites in bipolar patients.