ISMRM 21st Annual Meeting & Exhibition ○ 20-26 April 2013 ○ Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
SCIENTIFIC SESSION
Diffusion Acquisition Monday 22 April 2013
Room 355 EF | 10:45 - 12:45 | Moderators: | Roland Bammer, Alexander Leemans
10:45 | 0052. | The Human Connectome Project: Advances in Diffusion MRI Acquisition and Preprocessing Stamatios N. Sotiropoulos1, Saad Jbabdi1, Junqian Xu2, Jesper L. Andersson1, Steen Moeller2, Edward J. Auerbach2, Matthew F. Glasser3, David Feinberg4, Christophe Lenglet2, David C. Van Essen3, Kamil Ugurbil2, Timothy E.J. Behrens1, and Essa S. Yacoub2 1FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States, 4Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States The Human Connectome Project (HCP) is an ambitious 5-year effort to map human brain connections in healthy adults. A consortium of HCP investigators will study a population of 1200 subjects using multiple imaging modalities along with extensive behavioral and genetic data. In this overview, we focus on diffusion-weighted MRI and the structural connectivity aspect of the project. We present recent advances in acquisition and preprocessing that allow us to obtain the best possible MR data quality in-vivo, while confronting with the aim of scanning many subjects. The data quality described is representative of the datasets to be released within 2013.
10:57 | 0053. | Combining ZOOPPA and Blipped CAIPIRINHA for Highly Accelerated Diffusion Weighted Imaging at 7T and 3T Cornelius Eichner1,2, Kawin Setsompop2,3, Peter J. Koopmans4, Alfred Anwander1, Ralf Lützkendorf5, Steven F. Cauley6, Himanshu Bhat7, David G. Norris4, Robert Turner1, Lawrence L. Wald2,3, and Robin Martin Heidemann1,8 1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 5Otto v. Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,6Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 7Siemens Medical Solutions, Malvern, PA, United States, 8Siemens Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany The ZOOPPA technique provides highly resolved dMRI data at 7T, but whole-brain data sets take a long time to acquire. EPI volume acquisition time can be greatly reduced using blipped CAIPIRINHA. We have implemented combined ZOOPPA and CAIPIRINHA, enabling highly resolved and accelerated acquisition of dMRI data at 7T.
11:09 | 0054. | 3D Multi-Slab Diffusion-Weighted Readout-Segmented Echo-Planar Imaging with Real-Time Cardiac-Reordered K-Space Acquisition Robert Frost1, Karla L. Miller1, David A. Porter2, Rob H. N. Tijssen3, and Peter Jezzard1 1FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Healthcare Sector, Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany, 3Department of Radiotherapy, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands We present a 3D multi-slab readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI) sequence for diffusion imaging that minimizes motion-induced phase artefacts with 2D navigator correction and real-time reordering of k-space with respect to the cardiac cycle. Options for acquisition schemes and motion-induced phase corrections were simulated and the chosen strategy was implemented by modifying a standard 2D rs-EPI sequence. Real-time cardiac reordering is validated in simulations and experiment, demonstrating 40-50% reduced variability in a time series of diffusion images compared to a sequential k-space acquisition. The 3D multi-slab rs-EPI method is demonstrated in-vivo and is shown to provide excellent image fidelity.
11:21 | 0055. | Accelerating Data Acquisition for Reversed-Gradient Distortion Correction in Diffusion MRI: A Constrained Reconstruction Approach Chitresh Bhushan1, Anand A. Joshi2, Richard M. Leahy2, and Justin P. Haldar2 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States EPI-based diffusion MRI suffers from localized distortion artifacts in the presence of B0 inhomogeneity, which can cause problems in multi-modal image analysis and when estimating quantitative diffusion parameters. These distortions can be partially corrected with measured field maps, though performance improves substantially if each image is acquired twice with reversed phase encoding gradients (at the expense of doubling the scan time). In this work, we propose a novel acquisition and reconstruction strategy that leverages a constrained reconstruction formulation to enable accurate distortion correction with similar performance to the reversed gradient method, but without increasing the scan time.
11:33 | 0056. | High-Resolution Diffusion Weighted MRI Enabled by Multi-Shot EPI with Multiplexed Sensitivity-Encoding Nan-kuei Chen1, Arnaud Guidon1, Hing-Chiu Chang1, and Allen W. Song1 1Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States DWI data have been mostly acquired with single-shot EPI with limited spatial resolution. Multi-shot EPI could potentially achieve higher spatial resolution and fidelity, but is susceptible to aliasing artifacts due to phase inconsistencies among excitations. Although the shot-to-shot phase variations may be corrected with navigator echoes, the residual artifacts may be pronounced when there exist local and nonlinear motions. To address these challenges, a novel multi-shot DWI technique is developed here to reliably and inherently correct nonlinear shot-to-shot phase variations without navigator echoes. This technique enables very high-resolution DWI mapping of human white matter architecture.
11:45 | 0057. | Tilted 2D RF Excitation with Extended Slice Coverage for High-Resolution Reduced-FOV DWI Suchandrima Banerjee1, Emine U. Saritas2, Gerd Melkus3, and Ajit Shankaranarayanan1 1Applied Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States, 2Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 3Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Univerisity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States 2D spatially selective RF excitation obviates the need for a large field-of-view in the phase-encoding direction to avoid aliasing artifacts and can zoom into a region of interest. This reduces distortion in single-shot echo-planar imaging (ssEPI) by reducing readout time, as recently demonstrated by publications on reduced field-of-view (rFOV) diffusion imaging. However the number of slices can be limited due to presence of side lobes with the 2D RF excitation. In this work we demonstrate a tilted 2D RF design which removes the restriction on number of maximum slice locations, while providing robust fat suppression in diffusion-weighted ssEPI.
11:57 | 0058. | Fast DSI Reconstruction with Trained Dictionaries Berkin Bilgic1, Itthi Chatnuntawech1, Kawin Setsompop2,3, Stephen F. Cauley4, Lawrence L. Wald2,5, and Elfar Adalsteinsson5,6 1EECS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept. of Radiology, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States,5Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 6EECS, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States Significant benefit in Compressed Sensing (CS) reconstruction of Diffusion Spectrum Imaging (DSI) data from undersampled q-space was demonstrated when a dictionary trained for sparse representation was utilized rather than wavelet and Total Variation (TV). However, computation times of both dictionary-based and Wavelet+TV methods are on the order of days for full-brain processing. We present two algorithms that are 3 orders of magnitude faster than these CS methods with reconstruction quality comparable to the previous dictionary-CS approach.
12:09 | 0059. | Optimal Acquisition Protocol for White Matter Fiber Orientation Mapping Using Generalized CSA-ODF Reconstruction Amith J. Kamath1, Iman Aganj2,3, Junqian Xu4, Essa S. Yacoub4, Kamil Ugurbil4, Guillermo Sapiro5, and Christophe Lenglet4 1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, United States, 3Electrical and Computer Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States, 4Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 5Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States This work elaborates guidelines for sampling schemes to be used with a multi-shell diffusion MRI acquisition. The reconstruction is based on the CSA-ODF model and we use the Camino toolkit to generate synthetic data for simulations. By varying the b-value, Spherical Harmonics order, SNR and number of gradient directions, we conclude with the observation that b-values including 1000, 2000, and a third shell in the range [3000, 6000] s/mm2 shows better reconstructions, and that 200 total gradient directions appear sufficient.
12:21 | 0060. | A Comparison Between Double-PFG MRI and DTI in ex Vivo Rat Brain Tuukka Miettinen1, Alejandra Sierra1, Teemu Laitinen1, Juhana Sorvari1, and Olli Gröhn2 1Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland, 2Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland Parametric maps obtained with double-PFG MR imaging and DTI were compared in five brain regions with different degree of microscopic and microscopic anisotropy as verified by histology. Our data show clear difference between FA and apparent eccentricity (|aE|) map in white matter while the residual phase map from d-PFG data could differentiate between grey matter areas with different degrees of partially oriented anisotropic structures. We conclude that double-PFG can provide novel information about microstructure of tissue and it has high potential to detect structural modifications caused by pathological conditions.
12:33 | 0061. | Oscillating Gradient Spin-Echo (OGSE) Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Human Brain Corey Allan Baron1 and Christian Beaulieu1 1Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Apparent diffusion coefficients measured using DTI depend on the time allowed for the molecules to probe the local environment because of the presence of cellular structures. Oscillating gradient spin-echo (OGSE) DTI enables greatly reduced diffusion times, which grants a greater sensitivity to diffusion restriction/hindrance over smaller length scales. In this work, DTI with a b-value of 300 s/mm2 and maximum OGSE frequency of 50 Hz is demonstrated in 5 healthy subjects, where significant increases of parallel and perpendicular DTI eigenvalues as well as decreases in FA are observed as the diffusion time is decreased from 40 ms to 5 ms.