ISMRM & SMRT Virtual Conference • 08-14 August 2020

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Weekend Educational Session

Neuroinflammation

Session Topic: Neuroinflammation
Session Sub-Topic: Neuroinflammation
Weekend Course
ORGANIZERS: Cornelia Laule, John Port, Pia Maly Sundgren
Saturday Parallel 3 Live Q&A Saturday, 8 August 202014:30 - 15:00 UTC Moderators: Manabu Kinoshita
Skill Level: Basic to Advanced

Session Number: WE-28

Overview
This course will provide an overview of the influence of inflammation on neuroanatomy, what imaging tools are available to probe neuroinflammation, and application of those tools to preclinical models and human imaging.

Target Audience
Physicists, radiologists, neuroscientists, and imaging scientists.

Educational Objectives
As a result of attending this course, participants should be able to:
- Explain how inflammation in the central nervous system impacts tissue microstructure;
- List imaging methods that are useful for assessing neuroinflammation;
- Describe preclinical models of neuroinflammation; and
- Summarize the role of neuroinflammation in several human injury and disease states.
 

    The Influence of Inflammation on CNS Tissue Microstructure
Thomas Tourdias, Vincent Dousset

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Neuro-inflammation is characterized by alteration of the BBB which is accompanied by disruption of water homeostasis that can be monitored with diffusion MRI. Contrast agents inform on the status of the BBB in-vivo. Neuro-inflammation is also characterized in several instances by infiltration of immune cells from the blood stream that can be tracked with iron-oxide nanoparticle imaging. In terms of cellular consequences, glial activation is an important hallmark of neuro-inflammation which can induce dendritic/ neuronal alterations, all of them impacting microstructural metrics on MRI. Molecular imaging can also offer more specificities toward modifications of a given cell type.
    Neuroinflammation Imaging Approaches: Blood Brain Barrier
Joga Chaganti

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Neuroinflammation Imaging Approaches: Blood Brain Barrier
    Neuroinflammation Imaging Approaches: Leptomeninges
Daniel Harrison

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Meningeal inflammation occurs in multiple neurologic disorders, including multiple sclerosis. Recent data suggests that leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on post-contrast FLAIR MRI may be seen in multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory disorders. In this session, we will review the current data on LME in multiple sclerosis and other disorders. 
    Imaging the Innate Immune Response in MS: PET & MRI
Susan Gauthier

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This talk will discuss imaging methods, including both PET and MRI, used to assess CNS inflammation in MS and highlight the technical challenges and validation studies to provide a comprehensive review. Furthermore, it will be demonstrated how imaging is being utilized to explore the role of the innate immune response on the pathological mechanisms of disease in MS and the impact on clinical disability.
  The Role of Inflammation in Animal Models
Melanie Martin, Russell Jacobs, Kathryn Morton, Silvia De Santis

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Example of animal models of inflammation will be presented.For many brain diseases, neuroinflammation is emerging as a cause, rather than a consequence of the pathogenesis. Characterizing the neuroinflammation, and understanding the effects of the neuroinflammation are important.  The contribution to the field of four studies will be explained. 
    The Role of Inflammation in Pediatric Neurological Disease
Jan-Mendelt Tillema

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  DCE-MRI Characterization of Blood-Brain-Barrier Permeability Changes in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Lyna Kamintsky, Steven Beyea, John Fisk, Javeria Hashmi, Antonia Omisade, Timothy Bardouille, Chris Bowen, Maher Quraan, Kara Matheson, Alon Friedman, John Hanly

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This educational talk is aimed at MR physicists looking to gain an introductory background to neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), the role of neuroinflammation in dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in NPSLE, and specifically the role of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in evaluating diseases/disorders such as NPSLE.
    The Role of Inflammation in Neurodegeneration
Itamar Ronen

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