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D. Schoen, S. Deutsch, J. Mehta, S. Wang, I. Bledsoe, J. Ostrem, P. Starr, D. Wang, M. Morrison
UCSF, San Francisco, United States

Impact: This study confirms regional fractal dimension (FD)—a measure of sub-(cortical) boundary complexity—as a biomarker of Parkinson’s disease diagnosis and severity. FD could be used to improve clinical decision-making including patient-specific treatment planning.

A. Chen, Y. Xu, X. Wei
Guangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University，the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China

Impact: The DTI-ALPS index indicates glymphatic dysfunction in pPD and predicts conversion to PD, aiding early risk assessment and intervention.

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S. Kumari, S. Arora, S. Chaudhary, P. Bhat, A. Jaiswal, R. Rajan, S. S. Kumaran, L. Devarajan, A. Srivastava
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

Impact: Distinct patterns of brain atrophy and cortical alterations in EOPD, suggest disruption of folding architecture of the cortex in patients with PD and reduced cortical complexity with LEDD, and could guide more accurate monitoring of  treatments.

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W. Xie, J. Dai, F. Zhou
The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

Impact: BAG can be used to objectively estimate cognitive impairment in PD patients. The application of deep learning model to accurately and robustly predict brain age would be helpful for the management of PD patients.

G. Li, H. Zhou, C. Xu, H. Zhong, W. Chen, G. Wang, J. Li
East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

Impact: The susceptibility separation method on QSM images delivers valuable and comprehensive insights into the iron deposition and myelin density among PD, MSA, and PSP. This may expand our understanding of susceptibility alternation in parkinsonian disorders.

W. Su, Q. Cheng, J. Xin, Y. Gao, Q. Zhang, X. Li, S. Zhao, F. Xue, K. Zhang
School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China

Impact: Integrating rs-fMRI and MRS in PD research could uncover the bidirectional relationship between functional connectivity and metabolism, enhancing our understanding of future brain dynamics changes.

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S. S. Kumaran, P. Bhat, P. ., S. Kumari, S. Arora, V. Goyal, A. K. Srivastava, R. Rajan, D. Radhakrishnan
All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India

Impact: Deformation-morphometric analyses identified unique structural brain changes in PD and YoPD, especially critical subcortical alterations. Duration and onset specific atrophy in the view of clinical similarity, reinforces the utility of DBM as a sensitive method for capturing PD-associated neurodegeneration.

M. Guo, Y. Jiang, G. Fan
The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University., Shenyang, China

Impact: These findings suggest that PD-PIGD represents a more severe PD subtype, offering new insights into clinical differences between PD motor subtypes.

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H. Li, X. ZHAO, Y. Liu, Z. Wang, J. ZHANG, K. AI
Department of Magnetic Resonance, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China, LANZHOU, China

Impact: The correlation between CPV and the cognitive functions of visuospatial executive ability, naming, and abstraction provides a more granular perspective to understand the relationship between changes in various cognitive domains of PD patients and the glymphatic system.

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C. Lai, S. Zhou, Z. Zhen, Z. Zuo, W. Chen
Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Impact: Alps-index changes intensify in advanced PD stages, indicating potential as a progression marker. This emphasizes the need for longitudinal studies to validate it as a tool for monitoring PD progression and assessing therapeutic interventions.

W. Cheng, J. Dai, F. Zhou
Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

Impact: PD and PSP have similar clinical syndrome but were treated differently. Our finding suggested LR and SVM based on multi-level indices of rs-fMRI can effectively differentiate PD from PSP. It would help the treatment selection for PD and PSP patients.

L. Chai, Z. Zhuo, Y. Duan, Y-s Wang, J. Weng, T. Hua, Y. Liu
Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

Impact: PD patients without dementia exhibit heterogeneous cortical changes, with nearly half showing negative deviations. Global alterations include reduced gray matter, increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and stable white matter volume (WMV). Thinner cortical thickness correlates with more severe gait freezing.

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y. zhang, f. leng, y. gao, J. Lian, j. qiu
Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China

Impact: This study is one of the first to report the association between iron deposition and network dysfunction in Parkinsonian disorders. The findings placed emphasis on language network disruption in movement disorders, which may serve as initial clue for further investigations. 

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Y. Zhang, N. He, P. Wu, J. Weng, Q. Yu, F. Yan
Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China

Impact: GABA+ level imbalance in PD patients with and without RBD might bring forward new layered diagnoses or therapeutic options.

维. 张, 祺. 田
重庆, 重庆, China

Impact: Our study provided evidence that both sleep disorder and neuroinflammation were associated with glymphatic dysfunction, which is further related to cognitive impairment. These results may provide a theoretical basis for new targets for treating PD.

Y. Liu, L. Zhou, J. Zhang
The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, lanzhou, China

Impact: By examining the distinct stages of disease progression in PD patients alongside sex-specific differences, this research aims to identify resultant variations as potential targets for non-pharmacological interventions, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), to support individualized treatment strategies.

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J. Wu, J. Chen, M. Zhang
The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

Impact: Education provokes a positive effect for PD motor during early parkinsonian period. The cognitive-motor interference in PD was modulated by not only dopaminergic nigra, but cerebellar lobule and basal forebrain, which further found to be differed under different disease conditions.

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M. Elgwely, P. Sha, A. Papadaki, S. Wastling, J. Pfeuffer, I. Dragonu, C. Triantafyllou, O. Kiersnowski, K. Shmueli, J. Thornton, A. K. Yamamoto, D. Thomas, T. Yousry
Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom

Impact: Clinically robust QSM can be achieved using multi-echo 3D-GRE sequence within a clinically acceptable scan time using offline and inline pipelines. This confirms the feasibility of using inline QSM for potential routine clinical neuroradiological evaluation of patients with movement disorders.

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A. Roberts, S. Akkus, D. Romano, P. Spincemaille, B. Kopell, Y. Wang
Cornell University, New York, United States

Impact: Preoperative QSM as a potential predictive tool for deep brain stimulation candidate selection is introduced. Findings suggest that imaging features complement clinical assessment in surgical planning. Future studies should examine additional targets to validate this approach.