Zhuo Hang Liu¹, Dan LI¹, Liang Jie Lin², Ke Jiang², Shan Ling³, Fei Yong Jia³, Bing Yang Bian¹, Zhuo Wang¹, Dan Dan Guo¹, and Ying Qiu^1
1Radiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China, ³Departments of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China

This study aims to explore the correlation between brain neuro metabolites and clinical symptom scales in GDD and GDD+ASD. 11 children with GDD and 12 GDD +ASD children took MR scans, and completed the GABA and Glx spectroscopic acquisition. Results indicated that there is a significant difference in DQ language levels between GDD and GDD+ASD, and the GABA/Cr levels were significantly decreased in GDD+ASD compared with GDD. A positive correlation was observed between Glx/Cr and ADOS stereotype among all participants, and a clear link was observed between Glx/Cr and the sensory symptoms of ASD at both behavioral and perceptual levels.

Xiaoyan Bai^1,2, Zhangxuan Hu³, Wei Wang⁴, Xueyan Zhang⁵, Zhiye Li¹, Yonggang Wang⁴, and Binbin Sui^2
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China, Beijing, China, ²Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China, Beijing, China, ³GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China, ⁴Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Headache Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China, Beijing, China, ⁵Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, Zhengzhou, China

Eight medication overuse headache (MOH) patients and eight healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to explore the potential neuroimage biomarkers based on ¹H-MRS. The Glx (glutamate and glutamine) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in thalamus and PAG regions were compared between MOH and HC groups. The MOH group had lower GABA+/water and higher Glx/Cr ratios than HC group in the PAG. Also,higher Glx/Cr and Glx/water ratios were found in the left thalamus with MOH group. These results might be better explaining the pathophysiology mechanism of MOH in the trigeminovascular pain pathways, and guiding the clinical targeted drug treatment for MOH patients. 

Qingjia Bao¹, Piqiang Li², Zhao Li¹, Kewen Liu², Chongxin Bai², Peng Sun³, Jiazheng Wang³, Jie Wang¹, Feng Pan¹, Weida Xie², Lian Yang⁴, and Chaoyang Liu^1
1State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Phys, Wuhan, China, ²Wuhan University of Technology School of Information Engineering, Wuhan, China, ³Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁴Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

We proposed a spectrum-to-spectrum/spectrum-to-phase phase correction method based on a neural network for magnetic resonance spectra. The former network obtains phase-corrected spectra by the end-to-end training the mapping between the manually corrected spectra and uncorrected spectra. And the latter can achieve more accurate phase correction by predicting the zero- and first-order phases for correction. The result shows that the proposed network can effectively obtain high-quality phase correction spectra even under noisy and baseline distortion conditions.

Dingyi Lin¹, Yang Cao¹, Yi-Cheng Hsu², Hong Li³, Jiaqiang Zhou³, Fenping Zheng³, and Min Wang^1
1College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, ²MR Collaboration, Siemens healthineers ltd., Shanghai, China, ³Department of Endocrine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China

Measurement of lipid composition in liver is of high importance. The J-difference-edited MRS allows detection of low-level overlapped metabolites, including hepatic unsaturated lipid. This study was to investigate the efficacy of J-editing on human hepatic unsaturated lipid, with different experimental setup. Multiple potential influencing factors such as breath control and voxel localization were parallelly compared. In-vivo hepatic MRS data was acquired in three healthy subjects. The statistical analysis of experimental variance and test re-test reliability demonstrates that MEGA-PRESS with respiratory-gating at lower level in liver allows consistent and robust in-vivo measurement of different human hepatic unsaturated lipid molecules. 

Hidehiro Watanabe^1
1Health and environmental risk division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan

The method for measurement of metabolite concentrations in ¹H MRS in a human brain at high B0 field was proposed. A water phantom as a reference and a human brain area measured separately. The ratio of the reception sensitivities between uniform areas in the phantom and in the human brain can be computed from measured B₁⁺s. The ratio between the VOI and the uniform area in the human brain can be computed by our previously reported ratio map method. Then, metabolite concentrations in the VOI can be calculated. Our method was demonstrated in the phantom experiments using metabolite mixtures.

Dingyi Lin¹, Yi-Cheng Hsu², Hong Li³, Jiaqiang Zhou³, Fenping Zheng³, and Min Wang^1
1College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, ²MR Collaboration, Siemens healthineers ltd., Shanghai, China, ³Department of Endocrine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China

In this study, J-difference editing was applied to unsaturated lipid protons. Density-matrix simulations were devised to demonstrate the TE-dependent signal evolution of J-coupled protons. Phantom and in-vivo experiments on human muscles were performed to verify the simulation results. The optimal TE was determined as 45 ms with the signals gain of 148.03% for allylic and 2.37% for diallylic groups on phantom and 160.16% for allylic and 13.22% for diallylic groups on human muscles, when compared to TE of 70 ms. This edited-MRS protocol allows robust quantification of unsaturated lipid composition in-vivo and investigation on lipid metabolism in future.

Hideto Kuribayashi¹, Yuta Urushibata¹, Thuy Ha Duy Dinh², Hirohiko Imai³, Sinyeob Ahn⁴, Ravi Teja Seethamraju⁵, Tadashi Isa², and Tomohisa Okada^2
1Siemens Healthcare K.K., Tokyo, Japan, ²Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, ³Kyoto University Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto, Japan, ⁴Siemens Medical Solutions, Berkeley, CA, United States, ⁵Siemens Medical Solutions, Boston, MA, United States

Glucose concentrations at posterior cingulate cortex in 20 young healthy subjects were quantitated via detecting H1-α-glucose peak at 5.23 ppm in ¹H MRS at 7T.  The spectra were analyzed using LCModel with data excluding a range of the residual water peak using PPMGAP parameter, which simply corrected baselines around the H1-α-glucose peak distorted from the tail of the residual water peak.  The mean glucose concentration was estimated to be 1.0 mM via both sequences.  Cramer-Rao lower bounds of fitting H1-α-glucose peak were significantly smaller in the semi-LASER (mean: 33.1 %) than those in the short-TE STEAM (49.8 %). 

Nguyen Trong Nguyen¹, Onila N. M. D. Rasanjala², Eun Hui Bae³, and Ilwoo Park^2,4
1Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of, ²Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of, ³Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of, ⁴Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of

Hyperpolarized [1-¹³C₁]pyruvate MRI data were obtained in vivo metabolic data from young and aged animals in rodent to elucidate the different changes in metabolism due to aging. The preliminary results in this study demonstrated the feasibility of using hyperpolarized MRI ¹³C technique for identifying renal metabolic changes between aged and young animals. The reduction of Lac/Pyr, Ala/Pyr and BiC/Pyr ratio may be used as biomarkers for the cellular dysfunction that accompanies the aging process. The results from this study warrant further research on the usage of hyperpolarized ¹³C MRI in monitoring metabolic changes in aging-related studies.