Xingyao Yu¹, Weiyin Vivian Liu², Ling Sang³, Qianqian Feng³, Kejun Wang³, and Lin Xu^3
1Biomedical Engineering College, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China, ²GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, ³Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Hubei, China

ZTE-MRI have high feasibility of angle measurements such as femoral neck-shaft angle as well as bone erosions on temporomandibular joint in reflection of altered bone morphometry and function. In our study, X-ray taken as reference, good consistency of ulnar deviation angle and the length of ulnar styloid process was shown between each two modalities, but better consistency between ZTE-MRI processed with average intensity projection and X-ray. Significantly different number of bone erosions between ZTE-MRI and T1 weighted images were found. To sum up, ZTE-MRI might have potential in elevating diagnosis efficiency of detecting altered bone morphometry and function.  

Brian V. Y. Chow^1,2, Bart Bolsterlee^1,3, Catherine Morgan⁴, Caroline Rae¹, David I. Warton^5,6, Iona Novak^4,7, Suzanne Davies¹, Ann Lancaster¹, Gordona C. Popovic^5,8, Rodrigo R. N. Rizzo^1,2, Claudia Y. Rizzo¹, Maria Kyriagis⁹, Melissa Smith¹, Erin Muling¹, and Robert D. Herbert^1,2
1Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia, ²School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ³Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ⁴Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, ⁵School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ⁶Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ⁷Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, ⁸Stats Central, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ⁹Rehab2Kids, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia

Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) was used to investigate the three-dimensional architecture and diffusion properties of medial gastrocnemius muscles in living human infants aged 2-3 months. Mean muscle volume, physiological cross-sectional area and fascicle length in infants were 1.8%, 3.8% and 47.2% of values previously obtained in 8 adult muscles. Radial diffusivity in infant muscle was half that in adult muscle, presumably because infant muscle fibres have much smaller transverse dimensions.

Jisook Yi¹, Ho-Joon Lee¹, Seok Hahn¹, Joonsung Lee², Xinzeng Wang³, and Maggie Fung^4
1Radiology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea, Republic of, ²GE Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, ³GE Healthcare, Houston, TX, United States, ⁴GE Healthcare, New York, NY, United States

Although the shorter scan time enabled by DLRecon has potential to reduce motion related image degradation, it cannot remove or mitigate such artifacts. The periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) or similar techniques can reduce motion artifacts in shoulder MRI, however usually takes a longer time to acquire. Recently, DLRecon for PROPELLER has been developed. Accelerated PROPELLER sequence with DLRecon showed improved image quality and comparable interobserver agreement for shoulder pathology compared to standard PROPELLER acquisition with conventional reconstruction, despite the shorter scan time (45% reduction).  

Yang Qizhi¹, Wang Xiaoyin², Cai Shuhui¹, He Hongjian², Cai Congbo¹, Wu Zhigang³, and Zhong Jianhui^2,4
1Department of Electronic Science, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China, ²Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, ³MSC Clinical & Technical Solutions, Philips Healthcare, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, ⁴Department of Imaging Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States

Magnetic resonance (MR) parametric mapping and MR dynamic imaging are both valuable clinical tools. Nevertheless, quantitative imaging and high time resolution usually cannot be achieved simultaneously with conventional dynamic MR imaging methods. Herein, the multiple overlapping-echo detachment imaging (MOLED) method with short echo time (TE), dubbed MOLED-short, is proposed to fetch the dynamic variation of T₂ value on in vivo extremities with high temporal resolution (about 110 ms). The robustness of MOLED-short was demonstrated. MOLED-short can capture immediate T₂ changes of muscles and may provide new insights into the metabolic responses of musculatures to human activities.

Jing Liu¹, Ke Xue², Yongming Dai², Peng Wu², and Jianxing Qiu^1
1Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, ²MR Collaboration, Central Research Institute，United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China

Deep Learning-based magnetic resonance imaging (DL-MRI) could accelerate 3D MRI scanning time. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of DL-MRI in 2D shoulder MRI. Totally 20 consecutive patients were enrolled for both conventional MRI and DL-MRI. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to compare the image quality and lesion diagnosis on conventional MRI and DL-MRI. And our results revealed that DL-MRI was valuable for improving the overall workflow of shoulder MRI with scanning time saved and image quality improved.

Shinji Saruya¹, Masami Yoneyama², Yasutomo Katsumata², Kaiji Inoue¹, Eito Kozawa¹, and Mamoru Niitsu^1
1Saitama Medical University, iruma-gun, Japan, ²Philips Japan, minato-ku, Japan

Combining Compressed SENSE (CS), an acceleration technique that combines with compressed sensing and SENSE, with MultiVane achieves comparable scan time to Cartesian scan and increases motion robustness while maintaining similar image quality to Cartesian scan without increasing streak artifacts. We compared this newly developed CS-MultiVane with conventional acquisition method such as routine SENSE, SENSE-MuliVane with reduction factor = 1.0 and SENSE-MuliVane with reduction factor = 1.4 in terms of the overall image quality, overall degree of artifacts and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In conclusion, CS-MultiVane acquisition method is feasible for MRI of the shoulder.

Dantian Zhu¹, Yijie Fang¹, Wenhao Wu¹, Wenjun Yu¹, Wei Li¹, Yajun Ma², and Shaolin Li^1
1Department of Radiology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China, ²Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

 Long-distance running is a common cause of Achilles tendinopathy. A fast, reliable, and non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to track the early changes in tendon is of critical importance for effective clinical intervention and evaluation that can prevent the progression of Achilles tendinopathy. This study aims to evaluate UTE-T2* in the detection of changes in the Achilles tendons of amateur marathon runners before and after long-distance running.

Xiaoyan ZHANG¹, Peiqi MA¹, Yushan YUAN¹, Zhongqiu WANG¹, Bin Peng¹, and Xiuzheng YUE^2
1Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang Anhui, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Compressed SENSE(CS) is a new techonolgy that can be effective accelerat 3D acquisitions and  reduce scan times.In this study ,we discuss the value of the compressed sensing technology’s three-dimensional MR to display the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), and compare the impact of different acceleration factors on imaging. We find that when the acceleration factor(AF) of CS is six, scan times was reduced by 60 percent without significant degradation of image quality.

Ying Li¹, Jingliang Cheng¹, Wenhua Zhang¹, and Liangjie Lin^2
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, 100102, China, Beijing, China

Amide proton transfer weighted imaging (APTWI) is a noninvasive emerging molecular MRI technique based on chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) between amide protons of proteins and polypeptides and free water protons. This work investigated and evaluated the ability of APT parameter in distinguishing benign from malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. Results indicated that APTWI combined with diffusion weighted imaging showed a significantly improved differentiation between benign and malignant tumors.

Jiaping Hu¹, Chuanyang Zheng², Lijie Zhong¹, Keyan Yu¹, Yanjun Chen¹, Zhao Wang², Zhongping Zhang³, Qi Dou², and Xiaodong Zhang^1
1Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China, ²Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HongKong, China, ³Philips Healthcare, GuangZhou, China

Identifying knee osteoarthritis progressors is significant. MRIs can reflect the structures of the knee. However, currently no tool could rapidly and objectively predict knee osteoarthritis progression based on MRI. Therefore, we applied deep learning algorithms on MRIs of the whole knee to predict progression at three time points. The Gradient-weighted Class Activation Maps were employed for interpretability, and the highlighted infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) was segmented for progression prediction. We showed that the deep learning framework performed well on discrimination of progressors, especially at 24th months, and that the infrapatellar fat pad plays an important role in predicting progression.

QIUYU YU¹, YANG YANG¹, RENJUN HUANG¹, YONGGANG LI¹, NAIHUI ZHOU², PING LI¹, PENG WU³, and MENGXIAO TANG^4
1Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, SUZHOU, China, ²Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, SUZHOU, China, ³Philips Healthcare, SHANGHAI, China, ⁴Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, HANGZHOU, China

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a type of intermediately malignant cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms, which is easy to be confused with several benign ones even after needle biopsy, especially cellular fibrous histiocytoma (cFH), resulting in inadequate excision and local recurrence. We found that as a novel skin imaging technique, high-resolution (HR) DCE MRI could distinguish DFSP. The features include infiltration of surrounding fat, ill-defined margins and large quantitative parameters. Both DFSP and cFH have type-III time-signal intensity curves (TICs). In contrast, other confused lesions presented type-II-or-I TIC. The recommendation of preoperative HR-MRI could assist dermatologists to perform surgical plan more confidently.  

Guoxiong Deng^1,2,3, Shoujin Huang¹, Ziran Chen¹, Lifeng Mei¹, Jianzhong Li³, Ruixiang Jiang³, WenYue Xiao³, Dexing Wei³, Yan Kang^1,2, and Mengye Lyu^1,2
1College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China, ²College of Applied Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China, ³Shenzhen GoldenStone Medical Technology Co. , Ltd, Shenzhen, China

The automated detection of Intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation in animal MRI may facilitate veterinary diagnosis, yet it is rarely studied due to the lack of training data and the challenges from inter-breed variations. Here, we constructed a dog spinal cord MRI dataset with bounding box annotations of herniated discs, and conducted experiments using a number of well-known deep learning models. We demonstrated that automated detection of animal IVD herniation was feasible and in general two-stage detection models such as Faster R-CNN outperformed one-stage models.

Guangtao Fan¹, Yudan Li¹, Fenglin Xue¹, Yilong Huang¹, Yanlin Li ¹, Guoliang Wang¹, Tianfu Qi¹, Lisha Nie², and Bo He^1
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, ²GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China

The study aims to explore the difference in relaxation time between mucoid degeneration (MD) and injured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and evaluate the performance of QMRI (Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging) to identify the grade of MD and injured ACL. It was concluded that T2 * value of the ACL-MD group was higher than that of the injured group, T1, T2 and T2* could be used to quantitatively identify different grades of ACL-MD (T2* may deliberately has the highest diagnostic efficacy), and the same goes for T1 to evaluate ACL injury.

Zhou Liu^1,2, Qian Yang¹, Honghong Luo¹, Dehong Luo¹, Long Qian³, Xin Liu², Hairong Zheng², Phillip Zhe Sun⁴, and Yin Wu^2
1National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China, ²Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, ³GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁴Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

Although CrCEST MRI is increasingly employed in muscle imaging, its measurement depends on the RF saturation duration (Ts) and relaxation delay (Td). This study evaluated the quasi-steady-state (QUASS) algorithm for fast and robust CrCEST measurement. Briefly, CrCEST experiments were performed at 3T under two representative imaging conditions. Both phantom and volunteer experiments showed that the routine CrCEST increased significantly with Ts and Td and were significantly smaller than the corresponding QUASS indices. In comparison, the QUASS CrCEST meaurement showed little dependence on the scan protocol, establishing the robustness and accuracy of QUASS CrCEST muscle MRI.