ISMRM22 - The Circadian Clock & Its Effect on the Human Brain

Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM-ESMRMB & ISMRT 31st Annual Meeting • 07-12 May 2022 • London, UK

The Circadian Clock & Its Effect on the Human Brain

Weekend Course

ORGANIZERS: Audrey Fan, Nivedita Agarwal, Takashi Abe, Marta Bianciardi

Sunday, 08 May 2022

S11 (Breakout A)

07:45 - 11:45

Moderators:
Neuronal Oscillations & the Circadian Clock: Adam Goldman-Yassen
Disruption of the Circadian Clock & Pathology: Pinar Özbay

Skill Level: Basic to Advanced

Session Number: WE-15

Session Number: WE-15

Overview
Neuronal and glial activity is oscillatory and such oscillations are determined by intrinsic physiologic factors including vascular flow patterns, autonomic innervation of the vessels, and daylight. Their amplitude and frequency will change in different physiological (such as sleep) and pathological states. The objective of this session is to review the role of neuronal oscillations, where they arise from, and how they might be disrupted in neurological diseases such as dementia, stroke, sleep, and psychiatric disorders.

The role of the circadian cycle is also increasingly recognized as fundamental in brain waste clearance processes through the glymphatic system. This session also aims to provide new insight for attendees to reflect on oscillatory changes as biomarkers of treatment.

Target Audience
This session targets at both clinicians and research scientists who are looking to understand the basics of brain oscillatory activity and the origins of fMRI-based oscillatory phenomena. The attendees of this session will recognize the importance of such oscillatory activity in physiologic and pathological brain states.

Educational Objectives
As a result of attending this course, participants should be able to:
- Summarise basic cerebrovascular anatomy and physiology and their cyclical nature;
- Describe the origins of neuronal oscillations and correlations with fMRI signals;
- Appreciate changes in brain oscillations during wake and sleep;
- Review neuro-oscillatory changes in neurological disorders such as dementia, sleep disorders, stroke; and neuropsychiatric disorders; and
- Explain how to interpret fMRI signals obtained at different times and interpret oscillations in relation to the underlying disease.

	Neuronal Oscillations & the Circadian Clock
07:45		Neuronal Oscillations & Neurovascular Coupling View the Presentation Pinar Özbay We will cover the origins of neurovascular coupling, and discuss the relations between physiological variations and spatio-temporal brain dynamics across full sleep cycle.
08:10		The Effect of Diurnal & Nocturnal Changes on Neuron Oscillations View the Presentation Laura Lewis
	Disruption of the Circadian Clock & Pathology
08:35		Circadian biology and stroke View the Presentation Eng Lo Emerging data suggest that circadian biology may significantly affect the mechanisms of susceptibility, injury, recovery, and the response to therapy in stroke.
09:00		Psychoradiologically Applications in Psychiatric Diseases View the Presentation Feifei Zhang, Nanfang Pan, Qiyong Gong The present talk will summarize the most recent psychoradiological findings in circadian rhythm disorders at risk and the related psychiatric disorders, and their implications for clinical management of the psychiatric patients.
09:25		Break & Meet the Teachers
	Neurofluid Oscillations & Effect on Waste Clearance
09:50		Oscillations of the Neurofluids View the Presentation Noam Alperin The discovery of the CSF occurred over several centuries, the effort to elucidate the origin of the CSF oscillations lasted several decades. The link between the CSF and cardiovascular oscillations was first observed in the 1940s owing to the synchronization between the blood and CSF oscillations. Regardless of numerous studies that measured the pulsatile CSF and blood pressures, the origin of the CSF oscillation remained elusive. Velocity imaging by MRI provided a new perspective into the CSF oscillations through measurements of volumetric flows, which obey conservation laws. This presentation describes origin and the roles of the CSF oscillations
10:15		Glymphatics & the Circadian Clock TBD
	Glymphatic System Dysfunction in Disease
10:40		Applications in Sleep Disorders View the Presentation Nina Fultz Substantial recent research has investigated how sleep dynamics interact with the glymphatic system. Many recent articles have built upon the relationship between sleep and glymphatic dynamics by examining their relevance to sleep disorders and diseases that have early sleep pathologies. However, the variability in pathologies have caused difficulties in understanding completely how these dynamics work in sleep disordered individuals. In this presentation, we will discuss the connection between sleep and the glymphatic system, the MR-based tools one can use to measure these systems in humans, and we will examine how these systems are related to sleep disorders and related pathologies.
11:05		Applications on Dementia View the Presentation Leonardo Rivera-Rivera